17份闽北茶树种质资源花粉形态扫描电镜观察  

Scanning Electron Microscopic Observation on Pollen Grains of 17 Northern Fujian Tea Germplasms

作　　者：贵文静 于文涛 潘宏英 王攀 谢微微 朱艳宇 刘财国 杨国一 叶乃兴[1] GUI Wen-jing;YU Wen-tao;PAN Hong-ying;WANG Pan;XIE Wei-wei;ZHU Yan-yu;LIU Cai-guo;YANG Guo-yi;YE Nai-xing(College of Horticulture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Technology Centre of Fuzhou Customs District PR China,Fuzhou,Fujian 350001,China;Jian'ou Tea Industry Development Center,Jianou,Fujian 353100,China;Ningde Vocational and Technical College,Fu'an,Fujian 355000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园艺学院,福建福州350002 [2]福州海关技术中心/福建省检验检疫技术研究重点实验室,福建福州350001 [3]建瓯市茶业发展中心,福建建瓯353100 [4]宁德职业技术学院茶学院,福建福安355000

出　　处：《茶叶学报》2024年第4期1-7,共7页Acta Tea Sinica

基　　金：建瓯市茶叶科技创新专项(JO2022001);福建省高校产学研联合创新项目(2023N5013);福建省科技计划引导性项目(2021N0024)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确闽北茶树种质资源花粉形态特征,并探索其亲缘关系。【方法】利用冷场发射扫描电镜观测福建武夷山、建瓯、建阳等闽北茶区17份茶树种质的花粉形态,采用ImageJ 1.48V对花粉的赤道面观、极面观和萌发沟等相关性状特征进行测量,并利用SPSS软件对花粉相关特征指标进行主成分分析和聚类分析。【结果】17份闽北茶树种质资源的花粉属N3P4C5类型,其花粉大小为1 014.01~2 222.26μm^(2),属于中等花粉;花粉的赤道面观分为扁球形、长球形、卵圆形和超长球形,花粉萌发沟长度为12.68~35.49μm,花粉表皮纹饰外壁纹饰均呈现疣状,具有不同程度穿孔。根据花粉萌发沟长、萌发沟长/极轴长、极面观、赤道面观、外壁纹饰5个指标进行系统聚类分析,17份闽北茶树种质资源可分为两类。【结论】根据聚类分析结果和数量性状数据,花粉萌发沟长、萌发沟长/极轴长、极面观、赤道面观、外壁纹饰等性状特征可以为闽北茶树种质资源的亲缘关系以及分类提供理论依据。【Objective】Morphology of pollen grains of tea germplasms from northern Fujian were examined under a scanning electron microscope to differentiate the genetic relationships among the species.【Method】Field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM)was used to observe the microstructures of the pollens of 17 tea germplasms collected from Jianou,Wuyishan,and Jianyang in the province.ImageJ 1.48 V was employed to measure the pollens and colpi on them.Morphological indexes were clustered and determined for principal components using SPSS software.【Result】The pollens were all tricorporate of the N3P4C5 type with sizes ranging between 1014.01μm^(2)and 222.26μm^(2).They were of 4 equatorial shapes,i.e.,oblate spheroid,prolate,oval,and super-prolate,with germination colpi 12.6-35.49μm in length.The cluster and quantitative analyses classified the 17 germplasms into two categories according to the germination colpus length,germination colpus length/polar axis length ratio,polar plane view,equatorial plane view,and outer wall pattern of the pollens.【Conclusion】The 17 germplasms were classified into two categories with 5 determinant differentiating morphological indicators of the pollen grains.

关 键 词：闽北 茶树种质资源 花粉 微形态 冷场发射扫描电镜 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]