考虑车钩力约束的重载列车运行优化分层框架与迭代求解方法  

Layered Framework and Iterative Solution Method for Heavy⁃haul Train Operation Optimization Considering Coupler Force Constraints

作　　者：魏咪 王青元[1] 孙鹏飞[1] 冯晓云[1] 饶煜 王开云[2] WEI Mi;WANG Qingyuan;SUN Pengfei;FENG Xiaoyun;RAO Yu;WANG Kaiyun(School of Electrical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China;State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学电气工程学院,四川成都611756 [2]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道学报》2024年第9期38-44,共7页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFB2601504)。

摘　　要：重载列车具有超长编组、超大载重、运行线路复杂等特点,不合理的操纵易引起车钩力过大,甚至造成断钩或脱轨。为实现重载列车操纵在线优化,保障列车安全平稳运行,提出一种考虑车钩力精细化解算的速度曲线优化分层框架与迭代寻优算法。框架顶层基于等效的列车运行线性模型,将列车运行多目标优化问题转化为二次规划问题,实现操纵工况序列的快速求解;框架底层采用纵向动力学模型,刻画列车运行中的车钩力分布特征。迭代寻优算法将列车纵向冲动作为迭代终止判断条件,针对不满足车钩力约束的局部区段,对多目标优化模型中的牵引/电制动力约束进行动态调整,最终得到列车优化操纵曲线。采用实际线路2万t重载列车数据进行仿真分析,验证了本文所提分层框架和迭代算法可实现重载列车运行多目标优化问题的有效求解。The characteristics of heavy-haul trains include extra-long formation,extremely heavy loads,and complex line conditions,because of which unreasonable operation can cause excessive coupler force easily,even coupler breakage and derailment.In order to achieve online optimization of heavy-haul train operation that ensures safe and stable train opera-tion,a layered framework for speed trajectory optimization and iterative optimization algorithm considering the precise cal-culation of coupler force was proposed.The top-level was designed to obtain the operation strategy rapidly considering the coupler force constraints,which transformed the multi-objective optimization problem into a quadratic programming problem based on the equivalent linear dynamics modelling of train,achieving rapid solution of the operating condition se-quence.The bottom layer of the framework used the longitudinal dynamic model to describe the distribution characteristics of coupler force during train operation.With the longitudinal impulse of the train taken as the judgment condition for the it-erative termination in the iterative optimization algorithm,the control quantity constraint in the multi-objective optimization model is dynamically adjusted for the local sections that do not meet the coupler force constraint,until the speed trajectory is resolved eventually.The results of the case study of 20,000 t heavy-haul trains show that the multi-objective operation optimization of heavy⁃haul trains can be effectively solved by the layered framework and iterative algorithm.

关 键 词：重载列车 车钩力约束 分层框架 迭代寻优 多目标优化 

分 类 号：U268[机械工程—车辆工程]