“以三百五篇谏”——论汉代奏议用《诗》的话语方式与政治功能  

Remonstrating with Shi Jing——On the Discourse Mode and Political Function of Shi Jing in the Han Dynasty

作　　者：梁秀坤 LIANG Xiukun(College of Liberal Arts,Hebei University,Baoding,Hebei 071032)

机构地区：[1]河北大学文学院,河北保定071032

出　　处：《中国文学研究》2024年第4期122-130,共9页Research of Chinese Literature

基　　金：河北省博士后科研项目择优资助项目(B2023002001)。

摘　　要：“以三百五篇谏”是《诗》学经世致用功能在政治话语领域的集中体现。“以三百五篇谏”最早见于王式的言论,其概念发源于贾山“诗谏”,经过董仲舒提出“《诗》无达诂”的阐释原则,并做了具体的用《诗》实践后,被逐渐接纳和运用于政治言论场合。汉代奏议用《诗》对增强政治谏言的话语效力有强大的促进作用,其话语表达形式包括称《诗》、直引、取辞和用义四类,并通过历史镜鉴、执政范例和政治义理原则等方面的经义总结,在汉代政治话语领域发挥了重要功能。西汉前中期,奏议用《诗》以直引为主,西汉中期以后,取辞和用义的《诗》用形式增多,并在东汉成为主流的用《诗》模式。汉代奏议用《诗》加快了奏议文的经学化和文学化进程,也推动了《诗》学阐释面向政治需求和文学表达的发展。Remonstrating with Shi Jing is a concentrated reflection of the practical function of the study of Shi Jing in the field of political discourse.The concept of“Remonstrating with three hundred and fifty pieces of Shi Jing”first appeared in Wang Shi’s speech,which originated from Jia Shan’s“Exhortation with Poems”.After Dong Zhongshu proposed the principle of“Shi Jing has no exegesis”,and made the concrete use of Shi Jing after the practice,it is gradually accepted and applied in the political speech occasion.The use of Shi Jing in the Han Dynasty has a strong promoting effect on the discourse effect of political advice,and through the historical admonition,the ruling example and the principle of political justice and other aspects of the summary,in the field of political discourse in the Han Dynasty played an important role.In the early and middle period of the Western Han Dynasty,the poetry was mainly used in direct quotation.After the middle period of the Western Han Dynasty,the poetry with diction and meaning increased in form,and became the main mode in the Eastern Han Dynasty.The use of Shi Jing in the Han Dynasty accel-erated the process of study of Confussion classics and literdization in the memorials to the throne,and promoted the development of Shi Jing interpretation oriented to political needs and literary expression.

关 键 词：《诗》 汉代 奏议 话语 政治 

分 类 号：I01[文学—文学理论]