证据禁止理论视角下引诱取供证据能力审查规则重塑  

Reshaping the Rules for Reviewing the Evidentiary Competence of Elicited Confessions from the Perspective of the Doctrine of Suppression of Evidence

作　　者：倪铁[1] 吴烨彬 NI Tie;WU Yebin(East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 200042,China)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学,上海200042

出　　处：《北京警察学院学报》2024年第5期26-34,共9页Journal of Beijing Police College

摘　　要：犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的供述与辩解能够直接反映案件事实的发生过程,因此,口供一直是证据审查体系中的重点。然而,在我国现行的证据法体系中,引诱取供并没有受到应有的重视,当前的法律规制变相限缩了引诱取供的行为内涵,证据能力审查规则依旧处于原则化、裁量排除标准缺失的模糊阶段。应当从“引”与“诱”两个层面重塑行为内涵;运用证据禁止理论从证据取得禁止以及证据使用禁止两个方面区分《刑事诉讼法》第52条规定的非法证据以及第56条规定的排除证据;构建“行为不法性审查——结果不法性审查——排除必要性判断”的裁量排除标准,完善非法证据排除规则在引诱取供中的适用。The confession and defense of criminal suspects and defendants directly reflects the process of the facts of the case,and therefore the confession has always been the focus of the evidence review system.However,in China's current system of evidence law,the act of inducing testimony has not been given due attention.The current legal regulations have indirectly limited the connotation of the act of inducing testimony,and the rules for reviewing evidence capacity are still in a vague stage of principled and discretionary exclusion standards.We should reshape the behavioral connotation from the two levels of“luring”and“inducing”;use the theory of prohibition of evidence to differentiate between the illegal evidence stipulated in Article 52 of the Criminal Procedure Law and the exclusion of evidence stipulated in Article 56 from the prohibition of obtaining evidence and the prohibition of the use of evidence;construct the discretionary exclusion standard of“examination of the wrongfulness of the act-examination of the wrongfulness of the result-judgment of the necessity of exclusion”,and perfect the application of the rule of exclusion of unlawful evidence in inducing the taking of confessions.

关 键 词：引诱取供 证据审查 证据能力 证据禁止 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]