尊严死的幸福指向  

The Well-being Implication of Death with Dignity

作　　者：杨祖行 王健 YANG Zuhang;WANG Jian(School of Marxism,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110167,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学马克思主义学院,辽宁沈阳110167

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2024年第19期27-31,46,共6页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2020年国家社会科学基金一般项目(20BZX040)。

摘　　要：尊严死是尊重临终主体对生命的自主选择权,不采取无意义的创伤性医疗手段,减轻临终主体的病痛程度,保留其生命尊严。让临终主体的生命无外在干预的情况下自然消逝。在这种语境下的死亡过程,能够从功利主义的苦乐原理、效果论、功利原则三个维度获得道德诠释,有着明显的幸福指向。既指向临终主体的主观幸福,又回应了临终主体利益相关者所面临的道德难题,指明了在临终状态时死亡与幸福的可匹配性。并与中华传统文化价值观相契合,有着其“应该”性和正当性。对促进尊严死合法化,健全和完善我国民生伦理体系具有积极意义。Death with dignity respects the terminally ill patient's right to make autonomous life choices,avoiding the use of meaningless and traumatic medical interventions,alleviating their suffering,and preserving their dignity.It allows the natural cessation of life without external interference.In this context,the process of dying can be morally interpreted from three dimensions:the principle of pain and pleasure in utilitarianism,consequentialist theory,and the utility principle.This interpretation has an evident well-being implication.It addresses both the subjective well-being of the terminal subject and responds to the moral dilemmas faced by stakeholders involved with the interests of the terminal subject,demonstrating the compatibility between death and well-being at the end of life.Moreover,it aligns with the values of traditional Chinese culture,possessing normative and justifiability aspects.Promoting the legalization of death with dignity is of positive significance for improving and perfecting the ethical framework of public welfare in China.

关 键 词：尊严死 主观幸福 道德难题 幸福指向 儒道生死观 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]