天命与成人:王夫之人性论新探  

Mandate of Heaven and Human Becoming:A New Exploration of Wang Fuzhi's Theory of Human Nature

作　　者：吴朝旭 WU Zhaoxu(Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学哲学院,天津300350

出　　处：《南华大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期7-13,共7页Journal of University of South China(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：《中庸》首句先验地揭橥人性源自天命,因人性是人之为人的本质特征,故人之超越维度由此可得确证。王夫之结合《周易》中的天人生生关系论,以天作为性的唯一原初所在,超越了理学的“天命—气质”二元化人性论。他又强调了现实中的时间性,融合形而上与形而下,将视阈朝向未来,提出了“日生日成”的人性一本生成论,即人之性本于天,继而还需通过后天不断上合天道的修习而成。先天后天一贯不可切断,体用相通,这给儒家以“天人合一”为目标的成人说提供了有力的理论支持,也是把握王夫之发展理学义理的一个关键所在。The first sentence of the Zhongyong reveals a priori that human nature originates from the Mandate of Heaven,and since human nature is the essential characteristic of human beings,the transcendent dimension of human beings can be verified.Combining the theory of the relationship between heaven and life in the Zhouyi,Wang Fuzi takes heaven as the only original place of sex,transcending the dualistic human nature theory of“fate and temperament”of the science of physics.He also emphasized the temporality of reality,fused metaphysics and metaphysics,looked into the future and put forward the theory of human nature of“growing and attaining completion daily”,that is,the nature of human beings originates from heaven,and then it needs to be formed through the practice of continuously upgrading to the heavenly way in the latter day.The consistency of the innate and the acquired cannot be cut off,and the body and the use of the same,which gives strong theoretical support to the Confucian saying of adulthood with the goal of“the unity of heaven and mankind”,and it is also a key to grasping Wang Fuzhi's development of the rationale of the science.

关 键 词：王夫之 人性论 一本论 日生日成 

分 类 号：B249.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]