缓解牛鞭效应的新途径:人机协同的智慧决策机器人  

A New Way to Alleviate Bullwhip Effect: An Intelligent Decision-making Robot Based on Man-robot Cooperation

作　　者：李勇[1] 陈元 于辉[1] Li Yong;Chen Yuan;Yu Hui(School of Economics and Business Administration,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400030,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学经济与工商管理学院,重庆400030

出　　处：《中国管理科学》2024年第9期113-120,共8页Chinese Journal of Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(72172019);中央高校基本科研专项资金项目(2021CDJSKJC11,2024CDJSKXYJG09);重庆市教委自然科学重点项目(KJZD-K202200802);重庆市社会科学规划面上项目(2023NDYB70)。

摘　　要：牛鞭效应是指供应链上需求变异并逐级放大的现象,缓解牛鞭效应是供应链管理的核心任务之一。本文构建了由一个零售商、一个批发商、一个分销商和一个制造商组成的四级供应链,把人工智能中的深度强化学习技术引入到供应链管理之中,设计了人机协同的智慧决策机器人(核心算法),用于改善供应链中分销商决策。智慧实验结果表明:供应链上各个节点的方差比、平均成本以及服务水平等指标全面改进,牛鞭效应得到极大缓解。本文为研究供应链管理中的牛鞭效应提供了一种全新的视角与途径,赋予了供应链管理智慧决策的价值。Bullwhip effect refers to the phenomenon of demand variation and gradual amplification in the supply chain,which will bring high costs to supply chain enterprises.Therefore,alleviating the bullwhip effect has always been one of the core tasks of supply chain management,but the existing methods still cannot completely eliminate bullwhip effect.Introducing artificial intelligence methods into the supply chain to create a smart supply chain is one of the main methods for supply chain management in the information age,and it is also the main source of ideas to study the bullwhip effect.To explore new ways to alleviate the bullwhip effect,a four-level supply chain consisting of a retailer,a wholesaler,a distributor and a manufacturer is constructed,the deep reinforcement learning technology in artificial intelligence is introduced into supply chain management,and a human-machine collaborative intelligent decision-making robot is designed,used to improve the decision-making of distributors in the supply chain.The results of the smart experiment show that the indicators such as“variance ratio,average cost and service level”of each node in the supply chain have been comprehensively improved,which means that the bullwhip effect has been greatly alleviated.A new perspective and approach for studying the bullwhip effect in supply chain management is provided,and supply chain management is endowed with the value of intelligent decision-making.

关 键 词：牛鞭效应 人机协同 智慧决策机器人 供应链管理 

分 类 号：F274[经济管理—企业管理]