多模式出行场景下差异化激励绿色出行策略研究  

Differentiated Incentive-based Management Strategies to Encourage Green Travel Behaviors in a Multi-mode Travel Scenario

作　　者：朱鸿伟 田丽君 江晓岚 Zhu Hongwei;Tian Lijun;Jiang Xiaolan(School of Economics and Management,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学经济与管理学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《中国管理科学》2024年第9期131-141,共11页Chinese Journal of Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72371075,72401083);福建省自然科学基金重点项目(2022J02014)。

摘　　要：通过实施差异化激励绿色出行策略,可以合理引导通勤者转向指定出行方式,并有效缓解城市道路拥堵现象。针对允许独自驾驶、多人合乘与公交出行共存的多模式单起讫点交通系统,本文将激励对象范围与数额差异纳入考虑,以瓶颈模型为基础,对鼓励绿色出行的差异化激励策略进行分析研究。此外,对存在两个服务商提供有偿合乘出行服务以及不同激励预算设置情形下的策略实施效果也进行了分析。研究结果表明,差异化激励绿色出行策略可通过不同的差异系数与激励数额设置实现管控目标;当最小化带有减排约束的出行成本时,可供设置的激励数额与差异系数取值范围缩小,且随固定预算值的变小而缩短;此外,结合动态拥挤收费策略,可实现无预算投入下消除道路拥挤排队,并调整出行需求时空分布。Existing traffic demand management strategies,such as road pricing,parking restrictions,and tradable credits scheme,mostly focus on using punishment mechanisms to keep travelers away from certain transportation modes or time periods.However,due to the issues such as traveler aversion,inequity of charges and market settings,these measures are difficult to implement.The incentive-based traffic demand management(IBTDM)strategy adjusts the temporal-spatial distribution of travel demand through incentives,which is highly feasible in solving the potential problems such as traveler aversion and inequity of charges.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze how to formulate IBTDM strategy reasonably so that the government can effectively adjust the temporal-spatial distribution of travel demand.A differentiated incentive strategy to encourage green travel behaviors is analyzed by considering the scope of incentive objectives and different levels of incentives in a multi-mode transportation system.Given a one-to-one multi-modal transportation network,in which commuters can get to their destination by driving regular vehicles solely,sharing vehicles with others or taking bus mode,the effect of the strategy is analyzed based on the bottleneck model in scenarios where the ride-sharing services are provided by two suppliers with different incentive budgets.The results show that the proposed strategy can effectively guide commuters to the preferred travel mode through different parameter settings for the strategy.When there is no incentive budget limit,increasing the coefficient difference or incentive amount can reduce the number of vehicles traveling on roads and travel costs while the number of bus commuters shows different trends.When minimizing the travel cost with emission reduction constraint,the feasible range of the incentive amount and difference coefficient narrows,and is inversely proportional to the fixed budget value.Additionally,although there is no budget,the road congestion queue can be eliminated,and the temporal-s

关 键 词：城市交通 差异化激励 交通需求管理 绿色出行 瓶颈模型 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]