人工智能时代城市地理学发展的变革与挑战  

The transformation and challenges of urban geography development in the era of artificial intelligence

作　　者：杨永春[1,2] 菅煜婷 YANG Yongchun;JIAN Yuting(College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education ofthe People's Republic of China,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《地理学报》2024年第10期2425-2441,共17页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42371198,41971198);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK1005)。

摘　　要：人工智能(AI)引发的新一轮技术革命已成为全球各国抢抓的竞争优势,同时也会引发城市地理学的革新。本文回溯了人工智能发展历程,提出了面向人工智能的城市人地系统概念模型,从数据表达、场景应用、空间变革、城市发展等4个方面梳理与总结了人工智能介入的城市地理研究,并提出了学科智能化转型面临的困境、情境、探索路径与未来展望。研究发现:①面向人工智能的城市人地系统要素交互更加复杂。②人工智能成为城市地理研究主要手段的趋势逐渐明显,具有高效率、低成本、学习能力强的数据处理优势,对空间感知与智慧决策也具有重要意义;人工智能引发了空间变革,不仅打造了复杂的虚拟空间,同时重构了社会空间;人工智能助力建设智慧城市并打造城市前沿应用平台。③智能化转型下的城市地理研究面临数据与技术困境以及全球与地方变革、科技伦理与人文价值发展等情境,未来可在突破技术壁垒、关注城市空间建设与治理、注重多元智能转向效应研究等3方面探索发展路径,学科亟待全面转型升级。The new wave of technological revolution driven by artificial intelligence(AI)has become a competitive advantage pursued by countries worldwide,and it is also expected to bring about significant innovations in urban geography.This paper reviews the development trajectory of AI and proposes a conceptual model of the urban human-environment system oriented towards AI.It systematically outlines and summarizes the involvement of AI in urban geography research from four perspectives:data representation,scenario applications,spatial transformations,and urban development.Additionally,it identifies the challenges,contexts,exploration paths,and future prospects faced in the intelligent transformation of academic disciplines.The study finds that:(1)The interactions between elements within the urban human-environment system oriented towards AI are becoming increasingly complex.(2)The trend of AI becoming a primary tool in urban geography research is increasingly evident,offering high efficiency,low cost,and strong learning capabilities in data processing.This has significant implications for spatial perception and intelligent decision-making.AI has sparked spatial transformations,not only creating complex virtual spaces but also reconstructing social spaces.Additionally,AI supports the development of smart cities and the establishment of cutting-edge urban application platforms.(3)Urban geography research in the context of intelligent transformation faces challenges related to data and technology,as well as the broader contexts of global and local changes,technological ethics,and the development of humanistic values.Future development paths could explore overcoming technical barriers,focusing on urban spatial construction and governance,and emphasizing the research on the effects of multiple intelligence shifts.The discipline urgently needs comprehensive transformation and upgrading.

关 键 词：人工智能 第四次工业革命 城市地理学 学科变革 城市人地系统 虚拟空间 智慧城市 

分 类 号：C912.81[经济管理] F49[社会学]