未成年人认罪从宽处理的理念与制度  

Concept and System of Leniency Treatment for Minors Pleading Guilty

作　　者：王立峰 Wang Lifeng

机构地区：[1]中央党校政治和法律教研部

出　　处：《中国应用法学》2024年第5期15-26,共12页China Journal of Applied Jurisprudence

摘　　要：对未成年人犯罪予以从宽处理是一种普遍的法律实践。传统刑罚理论就此思考不多。根据报应主义、功利主义和政治证成理论,对未成年人犯罪予以从宽处理的依据在于未成年人的特殊身份。在基于特殊身份的从宽处理之外,存在基于认罪的有条件从宽处理,如未成年人适用认罪认罚从宽制度。有条件从宽处理的道德依据在于报应正义、恢复性正义、程序正义。鉴于有条件从宽处理可能导致未成年人认罪自愿性不足,甚至导致无辜者认罪的风险,应该立足于保障未成年人自愿认罪,对有条件从宽处理制度予以完善。Leniency for juvenile delinquency is a common and perplexing legal practice.Traditional penal theory has given little thought to it.According to the theories of retributivism,utilitarianism and political validation,the basis for leniency for juvenile crimes lies in the special status of minors.In addition to leniency based on special status,there is conditional leniency based on guilty pleas,as in the case of minors,who are subject to a system of leniency based on guilty pleas and penalties.The moral basis for conditional leniency is retributive justice,restorative justice and procedural justice.In view of the risk that conditional leniency may lead to insufficient voluntariness of the minor's guilty plea,or even lead to the guilty plea of the innocent,the conditional leniency system should be improved based on the protection of the minor's voluntary guilty plea.

关 键 词：未成年人犯罪 自愿认罪 认罪认罚从宽 报应正义 儿童权利 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]