拟康宁木霉T-51的固体发酵参数优化  

Optimization of solid-state fermentation parameters for the biocontrol strain Trichoderma koningiopsis T-51

作　　者：尤佳琪 杨红娟[1] 朱丽华[1] 顾卫红[1] 曹碧婷 吕铎 胡政 周成 李超汉[1] YOU Jiaqi;YANG Hongjuan;ZHU Lihua;GU Weihong;CAO Biting;LYU Duo;HU Zheng;ZHOU Cheng;LI Chaohan(Horticultural Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201106,China;Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China;Guannan County Seed Station of Lianyungang City,Lianyungang 222500,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院园艺研究所,上海201106 [2]上海市农业科学院农产品质量标准与检测技术研究所,上海201403 [3]江苏省连云港市灌南县种子站,江苏连云港222500

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2024年第10期4149-4161,共13页Microbiology China

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目(2022-02-08-00-12-F01199);上海市西甜瓜产业体系([2022]1);上海市农业科学院“卓越团队”建设计划(沪农科卓[2022]020)。

摘　　要：【背景】木霉是一类应用广泛的植物病害生防真菌。拟康宁木霉(Trichoderma koningiopsis)T-51是一株能够促进植物生长、诱导植物系统抗性、对多种植物病害有良好的防治效果的优秀生防菌株,具有较好的应用前景。【目的】研究并优化拟康宁木霉T-51分生孢子的固体发酵技术,提高菌株T-51的产孢量,为该菌株的大规模生产提供理论参考。【方法】采用单因素试验结合响应面法,筛选菌株T-51适宜的发酵基质,分析优化固体发酵的水分含量、发酵时长、接种浓度,以及碳氮源成分和比例等因素。【结果】通过对不同固体发酵基质筛选发现,使用单一稻壳作为发酵基质的产孢效果最好,水分含量为75%且发酵时间延长至11 d能够显著提高产孢量,接种浓度在1×10^(6)CFU/mL时产孢量更高,高浓度孢子液(1×10^(8)CFU/mL)接种则产孢量下降;稻壳基质中最适宜菌株T-51产孢的碳氮源为葡萄糖和硫酸铵。通过响应面法分析得到最佳发酵条件:水分含量79.5%,发酵时长11 d,接种浓度1×10^(6)CFU/mL,最佳碳氮源成分比例:葡萄糖2.6%,乳糖0.75%和硫酸铵5%,于此优化条件下菌株T-51预测最高产孢量为7.76×10^(9)CFU/g,实际产孢量为7.83×10^(9)CFU/g。【结论】建立了基于稻壳基质的菌株T-51高效固体发酵技术,使菌株T-51的产孢量能够满足田间应用的需求,降低生产成本,为菌株T-51未来在田间的规模化应用提供了理论基础。[Background]Trichoderma spp.have been widely used for controlling plant diseases.Trichoderma koningiopsis T-51,an effective biocontrol strain,is capable of promoting plant growth,inducing plant systemic resistance,and controlling plant diseases,demonstrating a promising prospect for practical applications.[Objective]To study and optimize the solid-state fermentation technology of T.koningiopsis T-51 for improving the spore production,and provide a theoretical reference for the large-scale production of this strain.[Methods]Single-factor experiments and response surface methodology were employed to screen the suitable fermentation substrate for strain T-51 and optimize the key fermentation factors including water content,fermentation duration,inoculation concentration,and carbon and nitrogen source composition.[Results]With rice husk as the fermentation substrate,the strain demonstrated the highest spore production.The water content of 75%and fermentation duration of 11 days significantly increased the spore production.In addition,an inoculation concentration of 1×10^(6)CFU/mL exhibited higher spore production,while the inoculation concentration of 1×10^(8)CFU/mL showed a decrease in sporulation.Glucose and ammonium sulfate were identified as the optimal carbon and nitrogen sources,respectively,for the spore production of strain T-51 with rice husk as the substrate.The fermentation parameters were optimized by the response surface methodology as water content of 79.5%,fermentation duration of 11 days,inoculation concentration of 1×10^(6)CFU/mL,2.6%glucose,0.75%lactose,and 5%ammonium sulfate.Under these optimized conditions,strain T-51 was predicted to achieve the maximum spore production of 7.76×10^(9)CFU/g,and the measured value was 7.83×10^(9)CFU/g.[Conclusion]This study has successfully established an efficient solid-state fermentation technology for strain T-51 with rice husk as the substrate,allowing adequate sporulation for field applications with reduced production costs.This study provided a theoretic

关 键 词：木霉 固体发酵 产孢量 生物防治 

分 类 号：TQ920.6[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]