我国本科生艾滋病病毒暴露前后预防知识知晓率及其影响因素  

Awareness Rates and Influencing Factors of Knowledge of HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis and Post-exposure Prophylaxis Among Undergraduates in China

作　　者：施正丽 朱正杰 曹望楠[1] 郑韵婷 林浩 常春[1] 孙昕霙[1] 史宇晖[1] SHI Zhengli(School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing,100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京100191 [2]福建医科大学卫生管理学院,福建福州350122

出　　处：《医学与社会》2024年第11期36-43,共8页Medicine and Society

基　　金：北京大学2023年度公共卫生与预防医学学科建设项目,编号为BMU2023XY015。

摘　　要：目的:调查我国本科生的艾滋病病毒暴露前预防(PrEP)和暴露后预防(PEP)知识知晓率,并分析其影响因素,为制定本科生艾滋病病毒暴露前后预防策略提供参考。方法:采用分层单纯随机抽样法,2022年12月-2023年4月在全国范围内对本科生开展电子问卷调查,并对不同特征本科生的PrEP和PEP知识知晓率进行卡方检验和二分类logistic回归分析。结果:获得有效样本4114个,本科生的PrEP知识知晓率为37.3%,PEP知识知晓率为55.8%。男生的PrEP和PEP知识知晓率显著低于女生(P<0.05),大学前居住在农村的学生PEP知识知晓率低于大学前居住在城市者(P=0.006),本科生PrEP和PEP知识知晓率在年级层面具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。大学前居住在农村(OR=0.764)、大学所在地为西部地区(OR=0.802)、艾滋病相关知识得分(OR=1.644)等因素与本科生PrEP知识知晓率相关。高年级、艾滋病相关知识得分(OR=1.562)较高的本科生PEP知识知晓率较高。结论:我国本科生的PrEP和PEP知识知晓率偏低,不同性别、大学前居住地、性行为史、艾滋病相关知识水平的本科生PrEP和PEP知识知晓率存在差异,应加大对西部和农村地区的资源倾斜力度,有针对性地向男生、有性行为史的本科生提供PrEP和PEP健康教育和用药评估服务。Objective:To investigate the awareness rate of knowledge of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis(PrEP)and post-exposure prophylaxis(PEP)among Chinese undergraduate students,and analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide references for the development of HIV PrEP and PEP strategies for undergraduates.Methods:Stratified simple random sampling method was used to conduct an electronic questionnaire survey among undergraduates nationwide from December 2022 to April 2023,and chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were performed on the awareness rates of PrEP and PEP knowledge among undergraduates with different characteristics.Results:A total of 4114 valid samples were obtained.The awareness rates of PrEP and PEP knowledge were 37.3%and 55.8%respectively.The rates of PrEP and PEP knowledge awareness of male students were significantly lower than those of female students(P<0.05),and the rates of PEP knowledge awareness of students living in rural areas before college were lower than those living in urban areas(P=0.006).The rates of PrEP and PEP knowledge awareness of undergraduates were statistically different at grade level(P<0.05).The undergraduates lived in rural areas before college(OR=0.764),and the school located in western China(OR=0.802),and AIDS-related knowledge scores(OR=1.644)and other factors were related to the PrEP knowledge awareness rate.Upper grades and undergraduates with higher AIDS-related knowledge scores(OR=1.562)showed a higher PEP knowledge awareness rate.Conclusion:The awareness rate of PrEP and PEP knowledge among Chinese undergraduates is low,and the awareness rate of PrEP and PEP knowledge is different among the undergraduates with different gender,pre-university residence,sexual history and AIDS-related knowledge level.There is a need to increase resource allocation to western and rural areas,and provide targeted PrEP and PEP health education and medication evaluation services to male students and undergraduate students with a history of sexual activity.

关 键 词：艾滋病防控 暴露前预防 暴露后预防 本科生 影响因素 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生] R193.2