明星员工的社交悖论:毁方瓦合还是卓尔不群  

The Social Paradox of Star Employees:Fit In or Standing Out

作　　者：马君[1] 马兰明 Jun Ma;Lanming Ma(School of Management,Shanghai University;School of Management,Shandong University)

机构地区：[1]上海大学管理学院 [2]山东大学管理学院

出　　处：《南开管理评论》2024年第7期148-160,共13页Nankai Business Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71872111);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(16YJA630036)资助。

摘　　要：明星员工兼具“红巨星”(光彩夺目)和“黑洞”(吞噬资源)的属性,无论是“出头的椽子先烂”还是“高大罂粟花综合症”,都昭示明星员工面临一个社交悖论:卓尔不群还是屈己从众?本研究整合基于社会身份的印象管理和印象形成模型,揭示明星员工在社会再分类和积极独特性两种印象管理策略下,同事原型印象和真实印象构成的四种印象组合引发的社交后果(排斥还是接纳)。本研究通过多项式回归和响应面分析发现:(1)基于社会再分类,同化策略(原型印象高、真实印象低)并没有比去类策略(真实印象高、原型印象低)赢得更多的积极人际效果(增加职场接纳、减少职场排斥);(2)基于积极独特性,从确认策略(原型印象、真实印象双低)到整合策略(原型印象、真实印象双高),人际反应逐渐往积极的方向发展;(3)整合策略未必比同化和去类策略产生更好的人际结果,但是确认策略相对于其他三种策略引发了最消极的人际结果。本研究首次讨论了明星员工的身份标签意义,丰富和拓展了特殊员工的社会互动研究,也为明星员工如何经营好职业形象提供了实践启示。For millennia,the sparkling starlight has inspired countless human creations and served as a metaphor for extraordinary achievements.From sports stars to celebrity CEOs,top salespeople to star scientists,stars have always been highly sought after by organizations.However,as Asgari et al.pointed out,star employees exhibit attributes of both“red giants”(dazzling brilliance)and“black holes”(resource absorption)to varying degrees.The factors determining the impact of stars not only relate to their performance but also to their interactions with others.Unfortunately,existing research on the social interactions and workplace image management of star employees remains scarce.Previous studies have focused on stigmatized employees(e.g.,those with physical disabilities,minorities,LGBTQs)managing their professional image through identity concealment.However,they have not addressed how“highlighters”construct their identity to manage their professional image and inf luence colleagues'perceptions.In fact,star employees also have urgent identity construction and impression management needs.On the one hand,star employees are typically defined as a minority within organizations who possess outstanding performance,high social capital,and significant recognition and status both within and outside the organization.They are more exposed under the spotlight,and unlike those with concealable stigmas,the high visibility of the star identity automatically attracts attention within the organization,subjecting stars to more scrutiny on multiple levels.On the other hand,due to status differences,negative treatment of star employees may be more covert.

关 键 词：明星员工 社会身份印象管理 原型印象 真实印象 响应面分析 

分 类 号：F272.92[经济管理—企业管理]