高精度微型星敏感器设计和验证  

Design and Validation of High Precision Micro Star Sensor

作　　者：王燕清 杜伟峰 郑循江 李新鹏 金荷 董帅 Wang Yanqing;Du Weifeng;Zheng Xunjiang;Li Xinpeng;Jin He;Dong Shuai(Shanghai Institute of Spaceflight Control Technology,Shanghai 201109,China)

机构地区：[1]上海航天控制技术研究所,上海201109

出　　处：《光学学报》2024年第18期405-415,共11页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62005158)。

摘　　要：首先,根据恒星目标特点设计信噪比和通光孔径最优的探测系统,对现有的探测参数进行精调标校,形成一套最优探测关键参数,从而提高星点质心定位精度;其次,对目前姿态计算方法中恒星矢量固定权值的算法进行改进,通过对每颗探测恒星矢量赋予动态权值的计算方法,筛选出精度高的探测星并对其进行姿态计算,从而提高星敏感器姿态测量精度。通过探测参数优化后,X、Y方向的质心定位精度分别提升了19.35%和48.52%;通过动态权值算法优化后,星敏感器的X、Y、Z轴精度误差从2.01″、2.07″、19.08″分别降低到1.08″、0.99″、10.09″。Objective Although large star sensors,both domestically and internationally,are capable of meeting the accuracy and reliability standards for measuring satellite platform attitude and orbit control,their mass,size,and cost far surpass the predetermined limits set for satellite missions.Conversely,micro star sensors at home and abroad fulfill the lightweight design requirements in terms of mass and size for satellite platforms,but they lack the necessary accuracy and reliability for precise attitude and orbit control measurements.With the constraints of cost and volume imposed by commercial satellites,coupled with the evolution of space technology and increasingly complex space missions,there is a growing emphasis on achieving higher accuracy,miniaturization,and cost-effectiveness in satellite platform systems.The future trajectory of start sensor development is oriented toward achieving both high precision and miniaturization.However,existing domestic and foreign star sensors fail to satisfy the demands for lightweight and high precision in satellite platform attitude control.Therefore,there arises a necessity for the development of star sensors that offer high accuracy,compact size,low cost,and reliable performance.The demand for high-precision terrain mapping and centimeter-level surface deformation detection necessitates that the resolution of the next generation of commercial remote sensing satellites surpasses 0.5 m.Nevertheless,due to budget and volume limitations,there exists a delicate balance between ensuring detection capability and minimizing volume size in the optical system’s aperture.While advancements have been made in enhancing the accuracy of microstar sensors,conventional methods employed for large star sensors are not directly applicable.Augmenting the aperture can enhance the luminous flux,with common approaches including narrowing the field of view,improving pixel angular resolution,and regulating the focal plane temperature of the refrigerator to mitigate detection noise.Therefore,it holds

关 键 词：遥感 星敏感器 精度 探测参数 质心 动态权值 

分 类 号：V448[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]