荻生徂徕圣人观新探——以《蘐园十笔》中的孔子形象为中心  

A New Study on Ogyu Sorai's View of Sages:Centered on the Image of Confucius in Xuan Yuan Shi Bi

作　　者：王蕾 Wang Lei(Renmin University)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学院

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2024年第5期42-54,共13页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

基　　金：2017年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“日本朱子学文献编纂与研究”(项目批准号:17ZDA012)的阶段研究成果,项目主持人:张立文。

摘　　要：“圣人”是日本儒者荻生徂徕学说体系的核心概念。对此,逐渐形成了以“制作”论圣人、孔子非圣人或勉强为圣人的主流观点。然而,在《蘐园十笔》一书中,却存在着荻生徂徕以“思”与“德”论圣人的侧面,传承“圣人之思”的孔子形象也由此彰显。徂徕在思、德之间,得位而能作与特殊制作三个层面上,予孔子以圣人之称,表现出对孔子确为圣人,而非勉强为圣的积极态度。可知,徂徕的圣人观并非一以贯之,这其中蕴含着他对仁斋与宋儒“德”概念的拆解与重释,使“德”从内在心性与道德修持之维抽离,转化为一种与“制作”同等级,却在逻辑上隶属于“制作”的政治概念,从中透显出其政治绝对化的倾向与特质。The concept of"Sage"is at the core of Ogyu Sorai's academic ideology.Scholars have held extensive discussions on Ogyu Sorai's view of the sage,and have gradually formed the mainstream view of sages seen from the perspective of"Zhi Zuo",wherein Confucius is not seen as a sage or barely a sage.However,through an examination of Ogyu Sorai's Xuan Yuan Shi Bi,it was found that there are also aspects of the sage from the perspective of"Si"and"De"in Ogyu Sorai's ideology.The image of Confucius inheriting the"thoughts of the sage"is also highlighted in this regard.Conducting in-depth analysis on Ogyu Sorai's positive attitude of regarding Confucius as a sage from the perspectives of Si and De,attainment of position and ability to"Zhi Zuo",and special"Zhi Zuo".As a result,the paper reveals that Ogyu Sorai's concept of the sage is not a consistent one.It can be seen that Sorai's view of sages is not consistent,which implies his deconstruction and re-interpretation of the concept of De in Jinsai and SongRu is such that De can be detached from the intrinsic Xin Xing and the dimension of moral practice and transformed into a political concept on the same level as Zhi Zuo,but logically subject to Zhi Zuo,showing its tendency and trait of political absolutism.

关 键 词：荻生徂徕 圣人 孔子 思与德 蘐园十笔 

分 类 号：I313.06[文学—其他各国文学]