大学生创造性思维的性别差异:认知风格与性别观念的影响  

Is Gender Equality Better for Innovation?The Impacts of Multidimensional Gender on Creative Thinking among College Students

作　　者：杨雪燕[1] 李蕊 YANG Xue-yan;LI Rui(School of Public Policy and Management,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《山东女子学院学报》2024年第6期11-25,F0002,共16页Journal of Shandong Women's University

基　　金：陕西省研究生教育综合改革研究与实践项目“团队合作模式对研究生创新能力的影响机制研究”(项目编号:111330000000028)。

摘　　要：通过将多维性别界定为生理性别、大脑认知风格和性别角色三种维度,以2018—2019学年736名大学生为研究对象,采用有调节的中介模型,可探究多维性别对大学生创造性思维的影响以及作用机制。研究结果表明:(1)代表社会性别的大脑认知风格和性别角色对于大学生创造性思维具有显著促进作用;(2)性别角色在生理性别与大学生创造性思维间存在显著中介效应,双性化性别角色的中介效应值最强;(3)大脑认知风格在生理性别与大学生创造性思维间存在显著中介效应,且中介效应受到双性化性别角色的调节。基于此,家长应鼓励幼儿阶段的孩子进行多样化性别表达,避免在早期用性别刻板印象限制孩子性别角色的多样化发展;建议中小学校和高等院校为学生们提供有利于个人性别角色多样发展的环境,营造更为平等友好的性别文化氛围,支持他们根据自身特点开展多样化性别表达,使双性化性别角色的人格特质得到进一步发展,进而最终实现大学生创造性思维的提升。By defining multidimensional gender in terms of three dimensions——biological sex,cognitive style,and gender roles——this study explores the influence of multidimensional gender on college students’creative thinking and its underlying mechanisms.A moderated mediation model was applied,using a sample of 736 college students from the 2018—2019 academic year.The results indicate:(1)cognitive style and gender roles,which represent social gender,significantly promote creative thinking in college students;(2)gender roles mediate the relationship between biological sex and creative thinking,with androgynous gender roles showing the strongest mediating effect;and(3)cognitive style also mediates the relationship between biological sex and creative thinking,and this mediating effect is moderated by androgynous gender roles.Based on these findings,it is recommended that parents encourage diverse gender expressions in early childhood,avoiding the use of gender stereotypes to limit the development of diverse gender roles.Additionally,primary,secondary,and higher education institutions should provide environments conducive to the diverse development of gender roles,fostering an equal and supportive gender culture.This will enable students to express gender in ways that align with their personal characteristics,further developing the traits associated with androgynous gender roles and ultimately enhancing their creative thinking.

关 键 词：创造性思维 社会性别 共情-系统化认知风格 性别角色 大学生 

分 类 号：C962[经济管理—人力资源管理]