小麦麸皮可溶性膳食纤维的理化性质和结构表征  

Physicochemical properties and structural characterization of soluble dietary fiber of wheat bran

作　　者：全文彬 王娟[1] 黄继红 张大乐[3] QUAN Wenbin;WANG Juan;HUANG Jihong;ZHANG Dale(School of Food Science and Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;Food and Pharmacy College,Xuchang University,Xuchang 461000,China;College of Agriculture,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学食品科学与工程学院,广东广州510641 [2]许昌学院食品与药学院,河南许昌461000 [3]河南大学农学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2024年第21期259-265,共7页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：许昌学院“揭榜挂帅”课题项目(2022JBGS08);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(Z20221341069);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2022ZYGXZR102);河南省重点研发计划联合基金项目(225200810024);河南省自然科学基金项目(232300421155)。

摘　　要：麸皮作为小麦籽粒的加工副产物而未被充分地开发利用。因此,该文选取河南省种植的代表性小麦4种(新麦26、新麦45、开麦1701、飞天),测定它们麸皮的可溶性膳食纤维(soluble dietary fiber,SDF)的含量、理化性质并进行结构表征,为后续的综合利用奠定基础。结果表明,飞天麦麸的SDF含量(8.01 g/100 g)为4种麦麸中最高的。SDF的理化性质分析显示,4种麦麸SDF溶解性均超过85%,且相互之间无显著差异,体积密度最大的SDF来自新麦45(0.5821 g/mL),而飞天麦麸的SDF持油力(2.33 g/g)最高。对4种小麦麸皮SDF进行结构表征发现,SDF主要呈无规则块状,有密集的絮状层叠,表面比麦麸粉更为光滑。其中开麦1701、新麦26和飞天麦麸SDF表面及横截面有一定孔洞和空腔结构。X-射线衍射结果显示,4种小麦麸皮SDF主要由非结晶结构组成,并且它们的红外光谱分布情况较为相似,均呈现多糖类化合物的典型吸收峰。单糖组成分析结果表明,小麦麸皮SDF主要由木糖、葡萄糖、阿拉伯糖和半乳糖组成,且新麦45和开麦1701的麦麸SDF含有少量鼠李糖。该研究可为小麦麸皮SDF的应用提供理论依据和参考。As a by-product of wheat grain processing,bran has not been fully utilized.Therefore,the content and physicochemical properties of soluble dietary fiber(SDF)of the bran from four representative wheat varieties(Xin Wheat 26,Xin Wheat 45,Kai Wheat 1701,Feitian)planted in Henan Province,were determined and their structures were also characterized.Results showed that the SDF content(8.01 g/100 g)of Feitian wheat bran was the highest among the four kinds of wheat bran.The physicochemical properties analysis of SDFs suggested that there was no significant difference in the water solubility of SDFs among the four types of bran,all of which were more than 85%.The highest oil-holding capacity of SDFs was found in Feitian wheat bran(2.33 g/g),while Xin Wheat 45 possessed the highest bulk density(0.5821 g/mL).Structure observation of the wheat bran SDFs revealed that there were some holes and cavities on the surface of SDFs in Kai Wheat 1701,Xin Wheat 26,and Feitian wheat bran.The X-ray diffraction results showed that the wheat bran SDFs were mainly composed of non-crystalline structures,and the Fourier transform infrared spectra of the four SDFs were similar,presenting the typical absorption peaks of polysaccharides.The results of monosaccharide composition analysis suggested that wheat bran SDFs mainly consisted of xylose,glucose,arabinose and galactose.What’s more,Xin Wheat 45 and Kai Wheat 1701 contained a small amount of rhamnose.The research provides the theoretical basis and reference for the application of wheat bran SDF.

关 键 词：小麦麸皮 可溶性膳食纤维 理化性质 结构表征 

分 类 号：TS210.9[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]