山东省中小学生维生素D营养状况及相关因素分析  

Analysis of vitamin D nutritional status and associated factors among primary and middle school students in Shandong Province

作　　者：姜迎[1] 孙青[2] 梁争艳 宋柬[1] 张迎修[1] JIANG Ying;SUN Qing;LIANG Zhengyan;SONG Jian;ZHANG Yingxiu(Institute of Food and Nutrition,Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan(250014),Shandong Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心食品与营养所,济南250014 [2]山东大学附属儿童医院(济南市儿童医院)临床营养科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第10期1399-1402,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(202112020791);山东省中医药科技项目(M-2023252)。

摘　　要：目的 了解山东省中小学生维生素D营养状况及影响因素,为制定有针对性的维生素缺乏干预措施提供参考。方法 于2021年1—9月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,对山东省内3 539名中小学生开展问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测,并对其维生素D营养状况和相关因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果 中小学生血清维生素D为(17.56±6.65)ng/mL,维生素D缺乏和不足率为67.4%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,女生(OR=1.95)、初中生(OR=2.14)、高中生(OR=2.36)维生素D缺乏和不足风险较高,沿海地区(OR=0.54)、夏秋季节体检(OR=0.74)、蛋类每天摄入≥35 g(OR=0.53)、户外活动时间60~120和>120 min(OR值分别为0.63,0.48)的学生维生素D缺乏和不足风险较低(P值均<0.05)。结论 山东省中小学生维生素D营养状况不佳;应采取加强营养宣教、增加合理膳食、延长户外活动时间等干预措施,进一步改善中小学生维生素D营养状况。Objective To determine the nutritional status and associated factors of vitamin D in primary and middle school students in Shandong Province,so as to provide reference for developing targeted vitamin deficiency interventions.Methods From January to September 2021,using multi-stage stratified random sampling,physical examinations and laboratory tests were carried out among 3539 primary and middle school students in Shandong Province.Associated factors of vitamin D were analyzed by Logsitc regression analysis.Results The average vitamin D level among primary and middle school students was(17.56±6.65)ng/mL,while the deficiency and severe deficiency rate was 67.4%.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that girls(OR=1.95),students in junior high school(OR=2.14)and senior high school(OR=2.36)were at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency and severe deficiency(P<0.05).Students from coastal areas(OR=0.54),physical examination in summer and autumn(OR=0.74),and 35 g of egg intake per day(OR=0.53),and with outdoor activity time greater than 60-120 min and>120 min(OR=0.63,0.48)had lower risk of vitamin D deficiency(P<0.05).Conclusions The nutritional status of vitamin D among elementary and secondary school students in Shandong Province warrants further attention.Intervention measures such as nutritional education,healthy diet and prolonging outdoor activities should be promoted in primary and middle school students.

关 键 词：维生素D 营养状况 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R193[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R591.44