高等教育中人工智能的驾驭之策——《ChatGPT和人工智能在高等教育中的应用:快速入门指南》解读与启示  

Strategies for Harnessing Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education——The Interpretation and Enlightenment of“ChatGPT and Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education:Quick Start Guide”

作　　者：刘军 雷亮[1] LIU Jun;LEI Liang(Hunan College for Preschool Education,Changde,Hunan 415000,China;Hunan Normal University,Changsha,Hunan 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南幼儿师范高等专科学校,湖南常德415000 [2]湖南师范大学,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《现代教育科学》2024年第6期18-28,共11页Modern Education Science

基　　金：2022年湖南省职业教育教学改革研究项目“‘产出导向法’在师专公共英语SPOC混合式教学中的应用研究”(项目编号:ZJGB2022594)。

摘　　要：ChatGPT等生成式人工智能工具在给高等教育领域带来巨大机遇的同时,也带来安全、伦理、政策等诸多方面的挑战。为了应对这一全球性挑战,UNESCO于2023年4月颁布了《ChatGPT和人工智能在高等教育中的应用:快速入门指南》。通过对该政策文本的梳理,呈现了指南的出台背景和内容梗概,介绍了ChatGPT的使用技巧及其在高等教育领域中的应用,分析了ChatGPT对高等教育带来的挑战和伦理影响。最后,结合GhatGPT等生成式人工智能工具在我国高等教育领域的使用现状,探讨其对教育主管部门、人工智能企业、高等教育机构、高校教师与学生的启示意义:加强教育人工智能治理;以人为本地设计生成式人工智能产品;实施基于生成式人工智能的教育教学改革;充分利用生成式人工智能,促进教学和研究;高校学生要合理使用生成式人工智能,助力学业和能力的提升。While generative AI tools such as ChatGPT bring great opportunities to the field of higher education,they also pose challenges in terms of safety,ethics,policy,and many other aspects.In response to this global challenge,UNESCO issued in April 2023 the ChatGPT and Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education:a Quick Start Guide.The policy text presents the background and content outline of the guide,introduces the techniques of using ChatGPT and its application in the field of higher education,and analyzes the challenges and ethical implications of ChatGPT for higher education.Combined with the current situation of the use of generative AI tools in the field of higher education in China,we explore its implications for the education authorities,AI enterprises,higher education institutions,college teachers,and college students:strengthen the governance of AI in education;design AI products with a human-centered approach;and implement the reform of education and teaching based on AI;make full use of AI to promote teaching and research;use AI reasonably to help improve their studies and abilities.

关 键 词：联合国教科文组织 高等教育 生成式人工智能 ChatGPT 入门指南 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]