感觉寻求与模糊容忍度对科学发明问题提出的影响  

The Effect of Sensation Seeking and Tolerance of Ambiguity on Scientific Invention Problem Finding

作　　者：童丹丹[1,2] 史靖靖 禄鹏 彭晨宇 李文福 张庆林[2] 邱江 TONG Dandan;SHI Jingjing;LU Peng;PENG Chenyu;LI Wenfu;ZHANG Qinglin;QIU Jiang(Key Laboratory of Behavioral and Mental Health of Gansu Province,School of Psychology,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070;Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education,Faculty of Psychology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715;School of Mental Health,Jining Medical University,Jining 272067)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学心理学院甘肃省行为与心理重点实验室,兰州730070 [2]西南大学心理学部认知与人格教育部重点实验室,重庆400715 [3]济宁医学院精神卫生学院,济宁272067

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2024年第6期774-781,共8页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：科技部科技创新2030-“脑科学与类脑研究”重大项目(2021ZD0203800);教育部人文社会科学研究项目(19XJC190001);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2022MC113)。

摘　　要：采用科学领域的发明问题实例为实验材料,探索感觉寻求与模糊容忍度对原型启发下创造性科学问题提出的影响。实验1以感觉寻求和原型处理为自变量,结果发现,在提出新颖性科学问题上,感觉寻求相对高分组个体受原型启发提出新颖性问题的提升程度明显高于低分组;实验2以模糊容忍度和原型处理为自变量,结果发现,相对高模糊容忍度个体更善于利用原型信息,提出更多新颖有效性科学问题。此外,原型条件下个体提出新颖性或新颖有效性科学问题的比率更高。研究结果表明,原型对创造性科学问题提出具有稳定的启发效应,感觉寻求与模糊容忍度是原型启发下创造性科学问题提出的重要人格特质,且对新颖性和新颖有效性科学问题提出产生不同影响。The present study used real-life examples of scientific inventions as experimental material to explore the effects of sensation seeking and tolerance of ambiguity on prototype-inspired scientific creative problem finding. Experiment 1 used sensation seeking and prototype treatment as independent variables, it was found that individuals in the high sensation seeking group were significantly more likely to be inspired by prototypes to ask novel scientific questions than those in the low group. Experiment 2 used tolerance of ambiguity and prototype treatment as independent variables, and found that individuals with high ambiguity tolerance were better at using prototype information to ask more novel and useful scientific questions. In addition, individuals in the prototype condition had a higher rate of raising novel or novel and useful science questions. The findings suggested that prototypes have a stable inspirational effect on scientific creative problem finding, and that sensation seeking and tolerance of ambiguity are important personality traits for scientific creative problem finding inspired by prototypes, and have different effects on novel or novel and useful scientific problem formulation.

关 键 词：创造性 问题提出 感觉寻求 模糊容忍度 原型启发 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]