庄子何以“增强”人类?  

Human Enhancement" in Chuang-Tzu's Vision of "True Knowledge

作　　者：陈迎年[1] CHEN Ying-nian(Institute of Philosophy,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学哲学研究所,上海200237

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2024年第10期26-31,共6页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“当代新兴增强技术前沿的人文主义哲学研究”(20&ZD045)。

摘　　要：庄子摹状了一个“道-技”世界,在增强技术与增强观念的不一不异中探寻“真知”,这有助于当代新兴增强技术确定自身的境域,从而不断校准方向。认识论上,“彼”“此”对偶却“劳神明为一”等命题揭示了增强技术“不得已”的“知”境,要求不断掌握律令式的必然。存在论上,“仅免刑焉”等观念透露了增强技术“不得已”的“世”境,突显了人生无可奈何的偶然。方法论上,唯有“与物为春”,兼顾必然与偶然,瞻前顾后而又全景式预演,当代新兴增强技术方可获得“不容已”的当然。这种当然在总体上只能是个体性的,人类增强的共同事业只意味着各有限性个体存在的实现和完成,因此“吾从周”也即恢复“周政”也就成了当代新兴增强技术的本质选择。The description of Chuang-Tzu's “knowing stops at what it does not know” expresses a human feeling and understanding of the world, which may imply the possibility of changing the world, and thus this description may become an important part of the human enhancement technology(HET) itself. HET in Chuang-Tzu's description of “true knowledge” is manifested in the fact that HET is both practice and reflection, both the progress of empirical technology and the adjustment of rational direction, both subjective of the subject and the reality of the object. The description shows that human beings are both beings of ideas and products of their environment, and that HET cannot and does not create a “unified superhuman”, and that the presupposition of a certain “standard form” of “human being” is very fatal to HET, therefore, “restoring” the “The Political Model of Zhou Dynasty” rather than the “The Political Model of Qin Dynasty” has become the essential choice of HET.

关 键 词：庄子 人类增强技术 真知 摹状 周政 

分 类 号：B223.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]