儿童叙事的特征、倾向及内容——基于儿童的诗歌创作考察  

Characteristics,Tendencies,and Content of Children's Narratives:a Study Based on Children Poetry Creation

作　　者：梁昱坤 LIANG Yukun(Editorial Department of Journal,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou,China,550025)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学学报编辑部,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《教育文化论坛》2024年第6期89-98,共10页Tribune of Education Culture

摘　　要：儿童写的诗歌有别于成人为儿童创作的儿童诗,它不仅直观地反应出儿童叙事的主要特征、基本倾向和核心内容,也为了解儿童的视角,进入儿童生活世界提供了路径。儿童的叙事在内容上具有自传性,是他们本人的生活史以及关于过去、可能的现在、未来的反事实,构建出关于自己和家庭的档案;在方式上具有具身性,儿童用身体、动作感受并描述世界,以己度人、推己及物的思维方式使儿童写的诗呈现出万物一体且有灵的特征。儿童叙事表现出三种倾向:表象即本质,韵律先于意义,叙述先于逻辑。这些倾向不仅使儿童的叙事呈现出鲜明的诗性,也反映出他们极佳的美学表现力。儿童叙事围绕事物如何诞生、世界如何运转、我们如何生活这三个核心内容而展开。儿童易受到暗示和引导的特征,使其诗中并非完全保留了自身的感受和表达,因而完全的儿童视角只能是一种理想化的研究方法。Children poetry written by children differs from children poetry created by adults for children.It not only vividly reflects the main characteristics,basic trends,and core content of children's narratives but also provides a pathway to understand the children's perspective and enter their world of life.Children's narratives are characterized by autobiographical content,encompassing their personal life history and counterfactual narratives about the past,potential present,and future,constructing archives about themselves and their families.In terms of approach,children's narratives exhibit embodiment because they perceive and describe the world through their bodies and actions,utilizing a thought process of self-comparison,self-projection,and anthropomorphism,presenting their poetry with a holistic and spirited feature.Children's narratives demonstrate three tendencies:appearance equals to essence,rhythm precedes meaning,and narration precedes logic.These tendencies not only endow children's narratives with a distinctive poetic quality but also reflect their excellent aesthetic expression.Children's narratives revolve around three core themes:how things come into being,how the world operates,and how we live.Children are prone to be implied and guided,which leads to the result that their poetry does not entirely preserve their own feelings and expressions,thus a fully authentic children's perspective can only be an idealized research approach.

关 键 词：儿童写的诗 儿童叙事 儿童的视角 叙事特征 叙事倾向 叙事内容 

分 类 号：I052[文学—文学理论]