爆炸螺栓附加弯矩形成机理与结构优化设计  

Mechanism of Additional Bending Moment Formation and Structural Optimization Design for Explosive Bolts

作　　者：安军 闵昌万[3] 杨锐 AN Jun;MIN Changwan;YANG Rui(Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering,Beijing 100076,China;School of Aerospace Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]北京宇航系统工程研究所,北京100076 [2]清华大学航天航空学院,北京100084 [3]中国运载火箭技术研究院,北京100076

出　　处：《宇航学报》2024年第10期1524-1537,共14页Journal of Astronautics

摘　　要：对爆炸螺栓受附加弯矩的机理进行了研究,推导得到爆炸螺栓附加弯矩公式。针对爆炸螺栓连接刚度开展匹配设计的理论分析,得到爆炸螺栓附加弯矩的最优解。依据理论研究得到爆炸螺栓附加弯矩的关系式,对原始设计进行了优化,通过有限元模型分析得到刚度匹配优化设计后的爆炸螺栓附加弯矩大幅降低。将原始设计和刚度匹配设计后的结构方案进行承载能力对比试验,通过应变片法和超声法测量获得了两种结构方案下爆炸螺栓所受的轴力与附加弯矩,两种测量方法所得结果一致。试验与有限元分析结果误差基本在7%以内,相互印证了方法的有效性,为爆炸螺栓连接结构刚度匹配优化设计提供了工程设计依据。The mechanism of the additional bending moment exerted on the explosive bolt was investigated,and the formula of the additional bending moment of the explosive bolt was deduced.Theoretical analyses were carried out for the matching design of the connection stiffness of the explosive bolt,and the optimal solution of the additional bending moment of the explosive bolt was obtained.Based on the theoretical research,the relationship of the additional bending moment of the explosive bolt was derived,and the original design was optimized.Through the finite element model analysis,it was revealed that the additional bending moment of the explosive bolt was significantly reduced after the stiffness matching optimization design.Comparative load-bearing capacity tests were conducted on the original design and the structure after stiffness matching design.The axial force and additional bending moment of the explosive bolt under the two schemes were measured by the strain gauge method and the ultrasonic method,and the results obtained by the two methods were consistent.The error between the test and the finite element analysis results was basically within 7%,mutually verifying the validity of the method and providing an engineering design basis for the stiffness matching optimization design of the explosive bolt connection structure.

关 键 词：运载火箭 星箭分离 爆炸螺栓 附加弯矩 刚度匹配 

分 类 号：V414.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] V416.1