发动机活塞敲击下的整机动力学响应分析及优化  

Analysis and Optimization of Engine Dynamic Response under Piston Slap

作　　者：黄泽好 罗福平[1,3] 邢志斌 聂嘉余 HUANG Zehao;LUO Fuping;XING Zhibin;NIE Jiayu(School of Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Automobile Parts,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China;Chongqing Jinkang Power New Energy Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401135,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆理工大学车辆工程学院,重庆400054 [2]重庆理工大学汽车零部件先进制造技术教育部重点实验室,重庆400054 [3]重庆金康动力新能源有限公司,重庆401135

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2024年第6期224-229,248,共7页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：重庆市教委科研资助项目(KJQN20181101);重庆市研究生导师团队资助项目(渝教研发[2018]6号)。

摘　　要：抑制活塞二次运动产生的敲击噪声是发动机NVH控制的重要内容。以某款两缸四冲程发动机为研究对象,考虑活塞和缸套工作变形及其接触特性,建立整机刚柔耦合动力学模型,探究活塞敲击激励下的整机振动与噪声响应;以活塞间隙、活塞销偏置及活塞质心位置为设计变量,活塞动能和摩擦损失为优化目标进行多目标优化设计。结果表明活塞敲击激励主要影响机体上侧部分,气缸盖罩振动噪声明显;优化后多个转速下的活塞敲击动能、摩擦损失以及机体振动和噪声均有所改善,其中6000 r/min下的活塞敲击动能比优化前降低31.1%;气缸盖罩顶部辐射噪声减小量最大为4.8%。Suppression of knocking noise generated by secondary piston motion is an important aspect of engine NVH control.Taking a two-cylinder four-stroke engine as the research object,considering the working deformation and contact characteristics of piston and cylinder liner,the rigid-flexible coupling dynamics model of the whole engine was established to explore the vibration and noise response under piston percussion excitation.Multi-objective optimization design was conducted with piston kinetic energy and friction loss as optimization objectives,piston clearance,piston pin offset,and the position of the mass center as design variables.The results show that the piston percussion excitation mainly affected the upper part of the engine body,and the vibration and noise of the cylinder head cover were obvious.After the optimization,the piston percussion kinetic energy,friction loss,vibration and noise of the engine body were improved,and the piston percussion kinetic energy at 6000 revolutions per minute was 31.1%lower than that before the optimization.The maximum reduction of radiation noise at the top of cylinder head cover was 4.8%.

关 键 词：振动与波 二次运动 敲击动能 摩擦损失 辐射噪声 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TK411.6[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]