后发国家科技伦理治理的挑战及应对思考  

Challenges and Responses to Ethical Governance of Science and Technology in Latecomer Countries

作　　者：王晓燕[1] 徐飞[1] WANG Xiaoyan;XU Fei(Department of Philosophy of Science and Technology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学科技哲学系,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2024年第22期19-24,共6页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2023年国家社会科学基金重点项目(23AZD040);2022年中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(FSSF-S-220201)。

摘　　要：面对新兴科技带来的风险隐患和伦理挑战,处于不同发展阶段和水平的国家面临着不同的治理挑战。后发国家科技发展上“后发优势”与“低技术陷阱”并存的特点,导致在科技伦理治理上面临着现代化路径选择的两难困境、发达国家的伦理倾销、资本对科技的介入失范以及科技伦理治理研究相对滞后等多重挑战。作为世界上最大的后发国家,中国在实践上以负责任自主创新破解道路之难、以全球化科技伦理治理方案破解利益之难、通过完善伦理审查制度破解机制之难、加强科技伦理研究与教育破解理论之难,从而实现伦理治理的弯道超越,是有效应对挑战的可行之策。In the face of the risks and ethical challenges posed by emerging science and technology,countries at different stages and levels of development face different governance challenges.The coexistence of"latecomer advantage"and"low-tech trap"in the development of science and technology of late-developing countries has led to the dilemma of choosing the path of modernization,the ethical dumping from developed countries,uncontrolled capital influence on science and technology,and the relative lagging behind of research on the ethical governance of science and technology.As the world's largest late-developing country,China has adopted responsible independent innovation to address path selection challenges,proposed a globalized science and technology ethical governance model to resolve conflicts of interests,improved ethical review system to address governance mechanisms,and strengthened science and technology ethical research and education to overcome theoretical challenges.This approach allows China to achieve"leapfrogging"in ethical governance,presenting an effective response to these challenges.

关 键 词：后发国家 科技伦理 伦理治理 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]