太阳能级多晶硅废料的研究进展  

Research Progress of Solar Polysilicon Waste

作　　者：祁欣 黄文杰 解虓 王严慧 QI Xin;HUANG Wenjie;XIE Xiao;WANG Yanhui(School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering,Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology,Benxi Liaoning 117004,China;Unit 32043,People's Liberation Army,Shenyang Liaoning 110000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技学院冶金与材料工程学院,辽宁本溪117004 [2]中国人民解放军32043部队,辽宁沈阳110000

出　　处：《辽宁科技学院学报》2024年第5期6-8,27,共4页Journal of Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology

基　　金：2024年辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(2024JYTKYTD-18);2024年辽宁省自然科学基金计划项目(2024-BS-228)。

摘　　要：太阳能级多晶硅废料作为太阳能电池生产过程中的固体废弃物,具有高回收价值。当前,虽然通过离心分离、重液分离等方法回收了部分废料,但仍有大量资源被浪费。因此,开发高效的废料提纯和加工技术成为关键。文章介绍了太阳能级多晶硅废料回收与再利用的技术。多晶硅废料中硅、碳化硅(SiC)和氮化硅(Si_(3)N_(4))的提纯与应用,不仅降低了光伏能源成本,还促进了环境保护。特别是SiC/Si_(3)N_(4)复合材料、SiC耐火材料等的制备,展示了多晶硅废料资源化利用的巨大潜力。此外,多晶硅切割废料的回收技术,如化学机械抛光、离心分离等,为制备高性能材料和锂离子电池负极提供了新途径。然而,废料中的杂质成分和含量差异仍是挑战,需对有效的去除杂质方法和低成本催化剂进一步研究。随着技术的进步,多晶硅切割废料的资源化利用将拥有更广阔的前景,为经济与生态的可持续发展作出重要贡献。Solar grade polycrystalline silicon waste,as a solid waste in the production process of solar cells,has high recycling value.Currently,although some waste has been recovered through methods such as centrifugation and heavy liquid separation,a large amount of resources are still wasted.Therefore,developing efficient waste purification and processing technologies has become crucial.This article introduces the recycling and reuse technology of solar grade polysilicon waste.The purification and application of silicon,silicon carbide(SiC),and silicon nitride(Si_(3)N_(4))in polycrystalline silicon waste not only reduces the cost of photovoltaic energy,but also promotes environmental protection.Especially the preparation of SiC/Si_(3)N_(4) composite materials,SiC refractory materials,etc.,demonstrate enormous potential for the resource utilization of polycrystalline silicon waste.In addition,the recycling technology of polysilicon cutting waste,such as chemical mechanical polishing and centrifugal separation,provides a new way to preparing high-performance materials and negative electrodes for lithium-ion batteries.However,the differences in impurity composition and content in waste remain challenging,and further research is needed on effective impurity removal methods and low-cost catalysts.With the advancement of technology,the resource utilization of polysilicon cutting waste will have broader prospects and make important contributions to the sustainable development of the economy and ecology.

关 键 词：太阳能级多晶硅废料 高纯硅 碳化硅 氮化硅 

分 类 号：TQ175.1[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]