基于载波相位的视距内动态无线时间比对关键技术研究  

Study on dynamic wireless time comparison technology for visual range based on carrier phase

作　　者：张颖博 刘音华[1,2,3] 刘娅 李孝辉[1,2,3] 张吉峰 Zhang Yingbo;Liu Yinhua;Liu Ya;Li Xiaohui;Zhang Jifeng(National Time Service Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi′an 710600,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China;Key Laboratory of Time Reference and Applications,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi′an 710600,China;Institute of Computing Technologies,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家授时中心,西安710600 [2]中国科学院大学,北京101408 [3]时间基准及应用重点实验室(中国科学院),西安710600 [4]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司电子计算技术研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2024年第9期177-188,共12页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：“基于北斗卫星的标准时间精准服务关键技术研究团队”“西部交叉团队”重点实验室项目(xbzg-zdsys-202120);中国铁道科学研究院院基金项目(2022YJ244)资助。

摘　　要：针对视距内动态时间比对用伪距观测量解算钟差噪声较大的问题,用载波相位观测量可以大幅度减小解算钟差的噪声,但载波相位存在求解整周模糊度和周跳等问题。本文首先研究了双向伪距和载波相位测量原理以及配对解算钟差的方法,并提出了一种采样提取双向载波相位观测量的新方法,减小了双向载波相位因采样时刻不一致导致的链路非对称对钟差测量结果的影响。针对载波相位双向时间比对中整周模糊度的求解和周跳探测与修正2个技术难点,用改进的伪距法估算整周模糊度,并用卡尔曼滤波实时的探测修正周跳。最后搭建车载试验平台验证动态时间比对效果,载波相位相较于伪距双向时间比对的精度提升了71.3%,测量钟差的均方根误差达到了百皮秒量级。Carrier phase observations can significantly reduce noise and address substantial clock bias noise that pseudo-range observations alone cannot resolve.However,carrier phase measurements face challenges with whole-cycle ambiguities and cycle slips.This paper explores the principles of bidirectional pseudo-range and carrier phase measurements and the methods for calculating clock bias.It proposes a new approach for sampling and extracting bidirectional carrier phase observations to mitigate the effects of link asymmetry due to inconsistent sampling times on clock bias measurement results.To address the technical challenges of whole-cycle ambiguity resolution and cycle slip detection and correction in bidirectional carrier phase time comparison,an improved pseudo-range method is used to enhance ambiguity estimation accuracy,while a Kalman filter is employed for real-time cycle slip detection.A vehicle-mounted test platform was developed to validate the dynamic time comparison performance.Compared to pseudo-range bidirectional time comparison,the carrier phase bidirectional time comparison improves accuracy by 71.3%,with the root-mean-square error of the measured clock bias reaching the order of hundreds of picoseconds.

关 键 词：动态时间比对 伪距 载波相位 整周模糊度 卡尔曼滤波 

分 类 号：TH714[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器]