高空台流量管新型篦齿密封特性分析及结构优化设计  

Characteristics analysis and structure optimization design of new labyrinth seal for flow tubes of high-altitude platform

作　　者：艾延廷[1] 张文亮 田金虎 侯鑫正 张兴源 孙丹[1] AI Yanting;ZHANG Wenliang;TIAN Jinhu;HOU Xinzheng;ZHANG Xingyuan;SUN Dan(Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Measurement and Test Technology for Aircraft Propulsion Systems,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China;National Defense Key Laboratory on Aero-Engine Altitude Simulation Technology,AECC Sichuan Gas Turbine Establishment,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学辽宁省航空推进系统先进测试技术重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110136 [2]中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院高空模拟技术国防重点实验室,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《推进技术》2024年第11期204-214,共11页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52075346)。

摘　　要：针对高空台流量管与导流盆连接结构减小气体泄漏、避免出现反向进气压力过大导致结冰的设计要求,开展不同内径流量管新型篦齿密封特性及结构参数优化研究。建立了高空台新型流量管篦齿密封结构有限元模型,并开展了新型流量管篦齿密封结构泄漏特性实验研究。基于数值模拟与试验,研究了流量管内径对密封性能的影响规律。根据Box-Behnken响应面设计法,选取不同流量管内径下的密封间隙、控制口数量以及孔型出口数量为优化参数,进行新型篦齿密封结构参数优化设计研究。结果表明:仿真泄漏量与试验值相比最大误差不超过7%,证明了本文仿真模型的有效性;当结构内径由1 m增大到3 m,密封泄漏量由0.021 kg/s逐渐增加到0.162 kg/s,增幅高达671.4%;内径1 m,2 m和3 m篦齿密封结构经优化后,最大流速分别减小了16.1%,14.3%和9.7%,泄漏量分别降低50.74%,98.50%和97.52%。本文研究为高空台新型流量管篦齿密封结构优化设计提供了有效方法,也为流量管尺寸规范化设计提供了技术支撑。Aiming at the design requirements of reducing gas leakage and avoiding icing caused by exces⁃sive reverse inlet pressure in the connecting structure of flow tube and guide basin of the high-altitude platform,the sealing characteristics of the new labyrinth of flow tubes with different inner diameters and the optimization of the structural parameters are carried out.The finite element model of the new labyrinth sealing structure of the high-altitude platform was established,and the leakage characteristics of the new labyrinth sealing structure of the new flow tube were investigated.Based on the numerical simulation and experiments,the influence of the in⁃ner diameter of the flow tube on the sealing performance was investigated.According to the Box-Behnken re⁃sponse surface design method,the sealing gaps,the numbers of the control ports,and the orifice types for the new labyrinth sealing structure of the new flow tube with different flow tube diameters were selected as optimiza⁃tion parameters and the optimization design was carried out.The results show that:the maximum error of simula⁃tion leakage compared with the test value is not more than 7%,which proves the validity of the simulation model in this paper.When the inner diameter of the structure increases from 1 m to 3 m,the sealing leakage gradually increases from 0.021 kg/s to 0.162 kg/s,with an increase up to 671.4%.After the optimization of the labyrinth seal structure with inner diameters of 1 m,2 m and 3 m,the maximal flow rate is reduced by 16.1%,14.3%and 9.7%,respectively,and the leakage is reduced by 50.74%,98.50%and 97.52%,respectively.This paper pro⁃vides an effective method for the optimized design of the labyrinth seal structure of the new flow tube in the highaltitude platform,and also provides technical support for the standardized design of the flow tube size.

关 键 词：高空台 篦齿封严 有限元分析 泄漏特性 优化设计 

分 类 号：V217.2[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]