“可能V(了)个假X”构式的社会语用学研究  

A Socio-Pragmatic Study of the Construction“keneng V(le)ge jia X”

作　　者：张攀 刘利民[2] ZHANG Pan;LIU Limin(School of Foreign Studies,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,China;School of Foreign Languages,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]成都大学外国语学院,四川成都610106 [2]四川大学外国语学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《浙江外国语学院学报》2024年第5期1-10,共10页Journal of Zhejiang International Studies University

基　　金：教育部国别与区域研究备案中心——成都大学泰国研究中心2024年度课题“社会认知视角下东盟来蓉留学生跨文化适应机制研究”(SPRITS202412)。

摘　　要：“可能V(了)个假X”构式是表达反预期意义的新兴构式,文章探讨该构式的形成机制,即“假”是如何出现在构式中的。文章认为,该构式源于包含“V了X”“X应该Y”和“事实是-Y(非Y)”等一系列的话语。在语用交际中,由于面子因素、等同关系与经济原则互动的“语用压制”,致使这一话语产生变异,在继承已有汉语事实描述句“V(了)Quant.假X”基础上,插入人际功能算子“可能”,最终形成了该构式。“可能”槽位使受话人弃离常规句法语义理解模式,转而进入社会认知模式,允许面子等因素参与意义交际,把握语用意义。该构式的使用在维护交际主体面子的同时,可传递反预期、自嘲、委婉质疑等语用功能。This study explores the underlying mechanism of the formation of the emerging construction“keneng(可能)V le(了)ge(个)jia(假)X”,which conveys counter-expected meaning,particularly focusing on the integration of jia within this construction.It is contended that the construction originates from a series of discourses encompassing:V has X,X should be Y,and the reality is-Y(i.e.,not Y),among others.In discourse communication,discourses’variation arises as a result of“pragmatic suppression”,which is influenced by the interplay of face-saving,solidarity and economic principle.By incorporating the interpersonal functional operator keneng into the pre-existing Chinese factual descriptive pattern“V le Quant.Jia X”,the construction“keneng V(le)ge jia X”emerges.This construction facilitates the expression of pragmatic functions,including counter-expectation,self-mockery,and euphemistic questioning,while simultaneously saving the face of the communicative subjects.

关 键 词：“可能V(了)个假X”构式 面子 语用压制 语用功能 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]