野生牛肝菌营养成分测定及其多糖的结构分析  

Determination of nutrient components and structural analysis of polysaccharides from wild Boletus

作　　者：张芯语 木尼热·木塔力甫 叶艺洁 冯倩 张志东[2] ZHANG Xinyu;Munire Mutalifu;YE Yijie;FENG Qian;ZHANG Zhidong(College of Food Science and Pharmacy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Microbiology,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology,Urumqi 830091,China;Food Safety Testing Center of Aksu Region,Aksu Xinjiang 843000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所/新疆特殊环境微生物重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]阿克苏地区食品安全检测中心,新疆阿克苏843000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第10期2557-2565,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：第三次新疆综合科学考察子课题(2022xjkk1200);新疆农业科学院农业科技创新稳定支持专项(xjnkywdzc-2022005-6);新疆农业科学院农业科技创新平台能力提升建设专项(nkypt005);新疆农业科学院自主培育项目团队建设专项(nkyzztd-001)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究新疆阿克苏地区野生牛肝菌分类地位,分析其营养成分组成和解析主要多糖功能结构,为野生牛肝菌多糖的深入开发及利用提供科学参考。【方法】利用形态学和分子生物学手段对野生牛肝菌进行鉴定,分析牛肝菌中的营养成分和矿物质进行检测。采用水提醇沉法提取皱皮疣柄牛肝菌粗多糖,并利用DEAE-52纤维素柱层析进行纯化,利用高压液压色谱分析其单糖组成。【结果】阿克苏地区野生牛肝菌归属为伞菌目,牛肝菌科,疣柄牛肝菌属,分子鉴定为皱皮疣柄牛肝菌(Leccinum duriusculum)。其主要的营养物质为糖类和蛋白质,分别占57.57%和27.32%。通过柱层析联合中压色谱系统分离的手段获得了三种多糖组分为LD-1、LD-2和LD-3,其中LD-1的提取率最高,为78.8%,有较强的水溶性,红外光谱表明其含有糖类化合物,葡萄糖占比最高。【结论】阿克苏地区野生牛肝菌富含多糖,持水力强。【Objective】In order to grasp the taxonomic status of Aksu wild Boletus,clarify its nutritional composition and analyze the main polysaccharide functional structure.【Methods】Using morphological and molecular biology methods to identify wild Boletus,analyze the nutritional components and minerals in Boletus for detection.The crude polysaccharide of Boletus pumila was extracted using water extraction and alcohol precipitation method,and purified using DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography.Then,its monosaccharide composition was analyzed using high-pressure hydraulic chromatography.【Results】The wild Boletus from Aksu belongs to the order Agaricularia,family Boletus,and genus Boletus,and is identified by molecular identification as Leccinum duriusculum.Its main nutrients are sugars and proteins,accounting for 57.57%and 27.32%respectively.Three polysaccharide components were obtained through column chromatography combined with medium pressure chromatography system separation:LD-1,LD-2,and LD-3.Among them,LD-1 had the highest extraction rate of 78.8%and had strong water solubility.Infrared spectroscopy showed that it contained carbohydrate compounds with the highest proportion of glucose.【Conclusion】Wild Boletus in Aksu region is rich in polysaccharides and has strong water holding capacity.This result can provide scientific reference for the in-depth development and utilization of wild Boletus polysaccharides.

关 键 词：牛肝菌 营养成分 矿物质 多糖 分离纯化 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]