扑翼飞行器的气动特性及效率研究  

Research on aerodynamic characteristics and efficiency of flapping wing aircraft

作　　者：黄中杰 双丰 蔡毓 HUANG Zhongjie;SHUANG Feng;CAI Yu(School of Electrical Engineering,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学电气工程学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2024年第11期181-187,共7页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61720106009)。

摘　　要：针对扑翼运动的空气动力学特性,设计了一套扑翼气动特性的测量系统,对研制的扑翼飞行器在不同来流速度下的拍打频率,升力和推力变化情况进行测量,并以斯特劳哈尔数为度量标准,评定扑翼飞行运动在不同飞行条件下推进效率。实验结果表明:扑翼飞行器的平均推力会随着飞行攻角和来流速度的增加呈现二次函数特征,而平均升力随来流速度增加而增加,且在高攻角下增加较快,在特定攻角和拍打幅度固定模式下,来流速度在0~6 m/s的范围内,其平飞时的斯特劳哈尔数为一常数,约为0.6,这表明对于本特定的扑翼飞行器在水平飞行状态下,以大地坐标系观察其翼尖扑打轨迹为一个恒定曲线,只与飞行器的几何尺寸有关而与来流速度及拍打频率无关。A measurement system for the aerodynamic characteristics of flapping motion was designed to investigate the aerodynamics of flapping flight.The system was used to measure the flapping frequency,lift,and thrust of the developed flapping flyer at different incoming flow velocities.The Strouhal number was employed as a metric to evaluate the propulsion efficiency of flapping flight under various flight conditions.The experimental results revealed that the average thrust of the flapping flyer exhibited a quadratic relationship with both the flight angle of attack and the incoming flow velocity.The average lift increased with an increase in the incoming flow velocity,and the increase was particularly significant at high angles of attack.At a specific angle of attack and under the mode of fixed flapping amplitude,within the range of 0~6 m/s of incoming flow speed,the Strouhal number during level flight is a constant of about 0.6,which indicates that for this particular flapping wing aircraft in the horizontal flight state,the flapping track of its wingtip observed in the local tangent plane coordinates is a constant curve,which is only related to the geometric size of the aircraft but not related to the flow velocity and flapping frequency.

关 键 词：扑翼飞行器 空气动力 斯特劳哈尔数 飞行效率 

分 类 号：TB212[一般工业技术—工程设计测绘] V27[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]