超导量子计算器件基础理论如何在本科物理课程体系中体现  

AN ATTEMPT TO EMBODY SUPERCONDUCTING QUANTUM COMPUTING THEORY IN COLLEGE PHYSICS

作　　者：宿非凡 杨钊华 SU Feifan;YANG Zhaohua(CAS Center Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics,Hefei,Anhui 230094;USTC Shanghai Institute For Advanced Studies,Shanghai 200123;Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology,Jinan,Shandong 250098;Institute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190)

机构地区：[1]合肥国家实验室,安徽合肥230094 [2]中国科学技术大学上海研究院,上海200123 [3]济南量子技术研究院,山东济南250098 [4]中国科学院物理研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《物理与工程》2024年第5期132-138,共7页Physics and Engineering

摘　　要：量子计算在全球范围内受到广泛的重视,近年来以潘建伟院士为代表的我国量子科学家在量子计算上取得了举世瞩目的进展。在本科物理课程体系中,适时引入超导量子计算理论,既可以作为本科物理课程体系中量子力学部分的有机补充和更新,也能让本科学生更早地接触超导量子计算原理及其潜在应用。本文在本科物理课程体系内尝试体现如约瑟夫森效应,宏观量子特性,超导量子比特操控等超导量子计算的基本原理,此外,还尝试了将约瑟夫森结室温电阻测量作为大学物理演示实验体现在大学物理课程中。这些尝试既有助于引导学生关注国家战略需求的最前沿方向,为其未来从事相关领域的研究和工作奠定基础,同时也对大学物理课程的思政建设有一定的借鉴意义。Quantum computing has received extensive attention worldwide.In recent years,quantum scientists represented by academician Pan Jianwei have made remarkable progress in quantum computing.In the framework of university physics courses,the timely introduction of superconducting quantum computing theory can not only serve as an organic supplement and update to the quantum mechanics section of university physics courses,but also enable undergraduate students to have earlier exposure to the principles of superconducting quantum computing and its potential applications.This article attempts to reflect the basic principles of superconducting quantum computing,such as Josephson effect,macroscopic quantum properties,superconducting quantum bit manipulation,etc.,within the framework of university physics courses.In addition,it also attempts to incorporate Josephson junction room temperature resistance measurement into university physics experiments in university physics courses.These attempts not only help guide them to focus on the forefront of national strategic needs,lay the foundation for their future research and work in related fields,but also have certain reference significance for the ideological and political construction of university physics courses.

关 键 词：超导量子计算 超导量子比特 约瑟夫森效应 宏观量子性 大学物理 

分 类 号：G642.3[文化科学—高等教育学] O413.1-4[文化科学—教育学]