基于非靶向代谢组技术解析不同酿酒稻米品种的成分差异  

Non-targeted Metabolomic Analysis of Differences in the Composition of Different Rice Varieties for Baijiu Production

作　　者：刘茂柯[1,2,3] 田新惠[1,2,3] 刘瑶 唐玉明[1,2,3] 秦俭[1,4,5] 冯军 刘成元 LIU Maoke;TIAN Xinhui;LIU Yao;TANG Yuming;QIN Jian;FENG Jun;LIU Chengyuan(Rice and Sorghum Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Deyang 618000,China;Institute of Luzhou Liquor Making Science of Sichuan Province,Luzhou 646100,China;Deyang Branch of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Deyang 618000,China;Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Deyang 618000,China;Luzhou Branch Center of National Rice Improvement Center,Luzhou 646100,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所,四川德阳618000 [2]四川省泸州市酿酒科学研究所,四川泸州646100 [3]四川省农业科学院德阳分院,四川德阳618000 [4]农业农村部西南水稻生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,四川德阳618000 [5]国家水稻改良中心四川泸州分中心,四川泸州646100

出　　处：《食品科学》2024年第23期180-186,共7页Food Science

基　　金：四川省生物育种重大科技专项(2022ZDZX0016);泸州市科技计划社会发展专项(2023SYF150);四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所重点研发计划专项(2020SZDYF005)。

摘　　要：采用非靶向代谢组技术分析2种酿酒稻米(JKY和PXY)的代谢物组成差异及其与白酒酿造的关系。从稻米样品中检测到代谢物4159个,其组成以脂质和类脂分子、有机杂环化合物、有机酸和衍生物为主。从PXY和JKY之间筛查出差异代谢物326个(变量投影重要性>1、P<0.05),包括乳酸、阿魏酸、延胡索酸等白酒主要成分,以及支撑酿酒微生物生长的蜜二糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖和乳果糖等重要底物。对差异代谢物进行京都基因和基因组百科全书富集分析,共获得差异显著的生物学途径16条(P<0.05),其中14条归属于代谢功能,包括与白酒酿造相关的半乳糖代谢、不饱和脂肪酸生物合成、脂肪酸生物合成和丁酸代谢。研究结果进一步揭示了原料与白酒酿造的关系,可为优质原料的选择与推广提供依据。Non-targeted metabolomics was used in order to investigate the differences in the metabolite composition of two varieties of Baijiu-brewing rice(JKY and PXY)and their influence on Baijiu brewing.A total of 4159 metabolites were detected in both rice samples,mainly including lipids and lipid-like molecules,organoheterocyclic compounds,organic acids and their derivatives.A comparison between PXY and JKY yielded 326 differential metabolites(variable importance in projection(VIP)>1 and P<0.05),including the major components of Baijiu,such as lactic acid,ferulic acid and fumaric acid,as well as important substrates that supported brewing microorganism growth,such as melibiose,maltose,glucose and lactulose.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis of differential metabolites identified 16 significantly differential biological pathways(P<0.05),of which 14 were assigned to metabolic functions,including those related to Baijiu brewing such as galactose metabolism,the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids,fatty acid biosynthesis,and butanoate metabolism.These results offer a better understanding of the relationship between raw materials and Baijiu brewing,thereby providing a basis for selecting and promoting high-quality raw materials.

关 键 词：非靶向代谢组学 代谢途径 酿酒水稻 差异代谢物 

分 类 号：TS213.3[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]