列车应急自走行最优控制研究  

Optimal control strategy for trains in emergency self-propelled running conditions

作　　者：朱雨桐 ZHU Yutong(Locomotive and Car Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Institute of Electrical Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司机车车辆研究所,北京100081 [2]中国科学院电工研究所,北京100190 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《机车电传动》2024年第5期41-46,共6页Electric Drive for Locomotives

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金项目(2023NSFC0392);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目(2023QT001)。

摘　　要：在牵引网故障等原因引起的高速列车失电情况下,动车组应具备自我救援能力,依靠车载储能设备供电应急运行至就近车站等安全救援点,避免影响整个系统正常运行。列车应急自走行的运行时间自由但受到车载储能容量限制,因此采用节能控制策略降低运行过程能耗,可提高列车到达救援点成功率。文章针对列车应急自走行节能运行问题进行研究。首先建立考虑辅助功率的列车应急自走行模型,基于极大值原理分析得到列车在应急自走行下的最优控制工况,并推导得到部分牵引工况对应的最优恒定保持速度解析公式,该速度对应的恒速策略曲线总能耗最低。在此基础上,提出基于最优恒速速度曲线的惰行节能优化算法,进一步降低运行能耗,实现列车节能应急自走行运行。最后基于实际线路设计了仿真案例,进行不同恒定速度下的恒速运行策略曲线求解,验证了文章推导的最优恒速速度解析公式的正确性;进一步基于最优恒速速度曲线进行惰行曲线优化,对比运行能耗,验证了算法的正确性和有效性。设计的基于最优恒速下的惰行算法可以有效降低列车应急自走行的运行总能耗,从而提高高速列车的自救援成功率。High-speed trains require self-rescue capabilities in the event of power loss due to traction network failures or other rea-sons.In these emergencies,trains rely on on-board energy storage equipment to operate and reach safe rescue points,such as the nearest station,to prevent disruptions to the normal operation of the entire system.The duration of emergency self-propelled operation is limited only by the on-board energy storage capacity.Therefore,implementing energy-saving control strategies to reduce energy consumption during operation can ultimately improve the success rate of reaching a rescue point.This paper addresses energy savings for high-speed trains operating in emergency self-propelled conditions.Firstly,a model was established to represent emergency self-propelled train oper-ation,taking auxiliary power into account.Based on this model,an analysis leveraging the maximum principle identified the optimal con-trol conditions under the emergency train operation.The subsequent derivation led to an analytical formula for the optimal constant speeds under partial traction conditions,resulting in an optimal constant speed strategy curve that corresponds to the lowest total energy consumption for the trains.By utilizing the optimal constant speed curve,a coasting energy-saving optimization algorithm was proposed to further reduce energy consumption during emergency self-propelled train operation.Based on simulation cases designed to reflect real railway scenarios,the constant speed operation strategy curve was generated through a solving process for different constant speeds,which verified the correctness of the optimal constant speed analytical formula developed in this paper.Furthermore,the coasting curve was optimized based on the optimal constant speed curve.The proposed algorithm was verified as correct and effective through a com-parison of energy consumption during operation.In conclusion,the designed coasting algorithm based on the optimal constant speed can effectively reduce the total energy consump

关 键 词：高速列车 动车组 应急自走行 极大值原理 最优控制工况 辅助功率 惰行节能 

分 类 号：U283.1[交通运输工程—交通信息工程及控制] U292.914[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]