靶向共有新抗原的肿瘤疫苗和细胞治疗新进展  

Progress in tumor vaccines and cell therapies targeting shared neoantigens

作　　者：曹鑫 刘芹[1] 刘宝瑞[1] CAO Xin;LIU Qin;LIU Baorui(The Comprehensive Cancer Centre,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University,Nanjing,Jiangsu210008,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院肿瘤中心,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《中华肿瘤防治杂志》2024年第17期1037-1042,共6页Chinese Journal of Cancer Prevention and Treatment

摘　　要：共有新抗原是肿瘤患者中共同呈现的免疫原性表位,通常由肿瘤驱动基因的热点突变产生,仅在肿瘤组织中表达,作为肿瘤特异性抗原刺激机体产生免疫反应。共有新抗原因其“现货型”、通用性、高特异性、强免疫原性等优势受到研究人员的青睐。本文阐述了共有新抗原的来源、特点及常见的共有新抗原,着重阐述了靶向共有新抗原疫苗治疗和细胞治疗的研究进展,列举相关的临床试验,并简述了提高共有新抗原疫苗与细胞治疗的策略。Shared neoantigens are immunogenic epitopes that are commonly found in tumor patients and are usually generated by hotspot mutations in tumor driver genes.They are expressed only in tumor tissues and act as tumor-specific antigens to stimulate an immune response.Shared neoantigens are favored by researchers because of their"off-the-shelf"availability,universality,highly specificity,and strong immunogenicity.This review describes in detail the sources,characteristics and common shared neoantigens,focusing on the research progress of novel therapeutic methods such as vaccine therapy and cell therapy targeting shared neoantigens.Also,this article lists the relevant clinical trials,and briefly describes the strategies to improve the vaccine and cell therapy against shared neoantigens.

关 键 词：共有新抗原 肿瘤治疗性疫苗 热点突变 过继细胞治疗 

分 类 号：R730.5[医药卫生—肿瘤]