文山白苗苗语结构助词研究  

A Study of Structural Particles of Wenshan White Hmong Language

作　　者：侯文甫 HOU Wenfu(School of Literature,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学文学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《文山学院学报》2024年第4期82-88,共7页Journal of Wenshan University

基　　金：云南省教育厅科研基金项目“文山白苗与青苗苗语对比研究”(2023Y0586)。

摘　　要：文山白苗话结构助词具有多功能性,结构助词ni^(44)身兼定语标记、状语标记、补语标记、话题标记等多种句法功能。量词正在向定语标记演化,其间存在着较明显的语法化路径:量词→指代词→领属定语标记→限制定语标记/修饰定语标记。结构助词ni^(44)及其句法结构、语法功能借自汉语,它是受汉语的影响所致,是语言接触引发的创新。结构助词没有同源关系,是后起的,产生于方言分化之后。苗语语序向着与汉语普通话语序趋同的方向演变。The structural particles in Wenshan White Hmong dialect have versatility,and the structural particle ni^(44)has multiple syntactic functions such as attributive markers,adverbial markers,complement markers,topic markers,etc.Quantifiers are evolving towards attributive markers,in which there are some obvious syntax paths:quantifier→demonstrative pro-noun→possessive attributive markers→restrictive attributive markers/modifier attributive markers.The structural particle ni^(44)and its syntactic structure and grammatical function are borrowed from Chinese and influenced by Chinese language,which are the innovation triggered by language contact.Structural particles produced after the differentiation of dialects have no homologous relationship,which comes later.The word order of Hmong language is evolving towards the same direction as that of Mandarin Chinese.

关 键 词：文山白苗话 结构助词 多功能 语法化 语言接触 

分 类 号：H216[语言文字—少数民族语言]