5种种质桑葚香气成分的比较  

Comparison of aroma components in 5 kinds of mulberry with different germplasm

作　　者：张芳 陈海芬 陈彪 石燕金 韩世玉[1] ZHANG Fang;CHEN Haifen;CHEN Biao;SHI Yanjin;HAN Shiyu(Sericultural Research Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院蚕业研究所,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第12期131-142,154,共13页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家蚕桑产业技术体系专项(CARS-18-SYZ20)。

摘　　要：【目的】对5种不同种质桑葚的香气成分进行分析和比较,为桑葚种质鉴定、栽培、育种及生产加工等提供参考。【方法】以贵州省蚕业研究所官庄基地的长果桑、大十、黑珍珠、白玉王、野生桑等5种种质桑葚为研究对象,于2023年5月桑葚达到成熟期后,挑选大小、质量、颜色和成熟度基本一致、果形相对均匀的无损伤新鲜果实为试验材料,破碎匀浆后通过顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(HS-SPME-GC-MS)技术测定不同桑葚的香气成分组成,并通过美国国家标准技术研究所标准谱库进行解析,比较5种不同种质桑葚香气物质的异同,采用正交偏最小二乘判别分析(Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis,OPLS-DA)筛选其差异香气成分。【结果】从5种种质桑葚中共鉴定出101种香气成分,分属于芳香族化合物和酸类、酯类、醛类、酮类、酚类、醇类、烷类、烯类、炔类及其他类等11个类别,其中共有化合物为5种,各种质特有化合物为57种。5种种质桑葚香气成分含量由大到小分别为野生桑>黑珍珠>大十>长果桑>白玉王。运用OPLS-DA模型筛选出25个关键差异香气成分,其中邻羟基苯乙酮、水杨酸甲酯、正二十七烷、Z-11-十四醛、(E)-5-二十碳烯、3-糠醛为野生桑所独有,三环为黑珍珠所独有。【结论】不同种质桑葚的香气成分存在差异,这种差异可用于不同桑葚种质的鉴定。野生桑香气成分种类、总含量均优于其他4个栽培种,且独有6种关键差异香气成分,可作为高品质桑葚种质资源进行培育及开发利用。【Objective】The aroma components of 5 kinds of mulberry with different germplasm were analyzed and compared to provide reference for mulberry germplasm identification,cultivation,breeding,production and processing.【Method】The study focused on five germplasm mulberry,including Changguosang,Dashi,Heizhenzhu,Baiyuwang,and Yeshengsang,from the Guanzhuang base of Guizhou Sericulture Institute.After the mulberries reached maturity in May 2023,undamaged fresh fruits with similar size,quality,color,and maturity and relatively uniform fruit shape were selected as the experimental materials,After the homogenates were crushed,the aroma components of different mulberries were determined by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS),and analyzed by the standard spectrum library of U.S.National Institute of Standards and Technology to compare the similarities and differences of five different mulberry germplasm aroma components.Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis(OPLS-DA)was used to screen for their differential aroma components.【Result】A total of 101 aroma components were identified from 5 kinds of mulberries,which were classified into 11 categories,including aromatic compounds,acids,esters,aldehydes,ketones,phenols,alcohols,alkanes,alkenes,alkynes and others,among which 5 compounds and 57 unique compounds were identified.The contents of aroma components of the five mulberry germplasm were Yeshengsang>Heizhenzhu>Dashi>Changguosang>Baiyuwang.OPLS-DA model was used to screen out 25 key aroma components,among which 1-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)ethanone,methyl salicylate,heptacosane,(11Z)-Tetra-decenal,(E)-5-eicosene,3-furaldehyde were unique to Yeshengsang,and tricyclo[3.1.0.0(2,4)]hex-3-ene-3-carbonitrile were unique to Heizhenzhu.【Conclusion】There were differences in the aroma components of different mulberry germplasms,which could be used for the identification of different mulberry germplasms.The types and total content of Yeshengsang aroma were better th

关 键 词：桑葚 香气成分 种质资源 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学]