超越工具理性:生成式人工智能的教育价值  

Beyond Instrumental Rationality:The Educational Value of Generative Artificial Intelligence

作　　者：吴河江 涂艳国[2] Wu Hejiang;Tu Yanguo(Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education,Central China Normal University;School of Education,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学人工智能教育学部 [2]华中师范大学教育学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《教育研究》2024年第11期149-159,共11页Educational Research

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学2022年度重大项目“教育数字化转型的国际比较研究”(编号:22JZD045)的研究成果。

摘　　要：生成式人工智能具有独特的技术属性与前所未有的强大功能。工具理性主导下的生成式人工智能应用于教育实践有促使人们更加重视生成式人工智能的教育实践价值、促进数字教育的转型和发展、敦促生成式人工智能履行工具性价值的教育责任等积极作用。但工具理性本身所具有的局限性,导致工具理性主导下的生成式人工智能应用于教育存在破坏教育技术的“是”与“应该”的统一性,忽视技术作为一种“座架”对人的“促逼”等方面实践谬误。因此,生成式人工智能应用于教育实践亟须超越工具理性,寻求工具理性与价值理性的整合。其教育价值具体表现在,彰显教育主体的生命价值,合理释放生成式人工智能的能动性,有效维持生成式人工智能应用于教育实践的伦理边界,促进生成式人工智能得以有机地“嵌入”教育之中。要实现生成式人工智能应用超越工具理性的教育价值,有必要建立体现交互主体性的应用机制,健全为持续改进提供依据的评价机制,完善确保稳定进行的保障机制。Generative artificial intelligence(GenAI)boasts of unique technical attributes and unprecedented powerful functions.GenAI led by instrumental rationality plays positive roles in educational practice,such as urging people to pay more attention to GenAI's value in educational practice,promoting the transformation and development of digital education,and pushing GenAI to fulfill the educational responsibility of instrumental value.However,the limitations of instrumental rationality lead to practice-based fallacies in the application of GenAI led by instrumental rationality in education,such as destroying the unity of"is"and"should"in educational technology,and ignoring the"force"of technology as a"pedestal"against humans.Therefore,the application of GenAI in educational practice needs to go beyond instrumental rationality,and seek the integration of instrumental rationality and value rationality.Its educational value is reflected in highlighting the life value of educators,reasonably releasing the initiative of GenAI,effectively maintaining the ethical boundary of GenAI in educational practice,and promoting the organic"embedding"of GenAI in education.To realize the educational value of GenAI application beyond instrumental rationality,we need to establish an application mechanism that reflects inter-subjectivity,improve the evaluation mechanism that provides a basis for continuous improvement,and promote the guarantee mechanism that ensures stable operation.

关 键 词：生成式人工智能 工具理性 价值理性 技术伦理 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]