情感、判断与冲动:论斯多亚派的“根除情感”观  

Emotion,Judgment,and Impulse:On the Stoic View of"Eradicating Emotions"

作　　者：陶涛 Tao Tao

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学哲学系

出　　处：《哲学研究》2024年第11期108-117,F0003,共11页Philosophical Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“斯多亚学派的伦理思想研究”(编号20BZX114)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：人们通常会对斯多亚派的情感理论产生误解,以为斯多亚派希望人根除所有情感能力,对任何日常事务都漠不关心。为了阐释并澄清斯多亚派的“根除情感”观,从pathos涉及的三个要素入手,解释该术语在普遍意义上的涵义就显得尤为重要。在此基础之上,结合斯多亚派的灵魂一元论与认识论,解释斯多亚派为何将情感理解为错误的判断。最后,结合斯多亚派的伦理学与行动论,阐明斯多亚派将情感视为人类行动的错误冲动的原因。通过“根除情感”的主张,斯多亚派实则强调人要纠正错误判断、消解错误冲动。进而,他们也有效说明了人的错误行为源于自我的错误判断与冲动,因此人要为自己的行为负责。同时,斯多亚派还强调了幸福的自足与理性的自主。Stoic philosophy on emotions is frequently misunderstood as promoting total suppression of emotions and detachment from daily affairs.In order to accurately present the Stoic stance on“eradicating emotions,”however,it is essential to examine the elements involved in pathos and clarify the term's broader meaning.By connecting Stoic monism and epistemology,this study elucidates why Stoics view emotions as mistaken judgments.Stoics assert that emotions are misguided impulses that interfere with rational decision-making.The concept of“eradicating emotions”thus highlights the Stoic imperative to correct errors in judgment and eliminate harmful impulses.This view,grounded in Stoic ethics and action theory,asserts that flawed judgments and impulses are the source of wrongful actions,underscoring the Stoic belief in personal responsibility.Additionally,Stoics emphasize happiness as self-sufficient and reason as autonomous,underscoring the self-reliant nature of human flourishing.

关 键 词：斯多亚派 情感 判断 冲动“根除情感” 

分 类 号：B502.32[哲学宗教—外国哲学]