中非传统家文化的相通性及其哲学基础  

Similarities and Philosophical Underpinning of Traditional Family Culture in China and Africa

作　　者：程秋君 Cheng Qiujun

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《西亚非洲》2024年第6期30-47,156,共19页West Asia and Africa

基　　金：中国社会科学院研究阐释中华民族现代文明重大创新项目“习近平文化思想与中非现代文明建设”(2023YZD041)的研究成果。

摘　　要：中国和非洲都是人类古老文明的发源地,有着悠久的历史、灿烂与丰富的文明。中非在文化层面有诸多相似性,其中也体现为双方传统家文化的相通性,即中非传统家文化均通过“一体之亲”的理念调和个体与共同体间的差异,运用生命时间意识构建世代相续的生命共同体,并共同秉持从“身家一体”扩展至“天下一家”的命运共同体意识。中非两种传统家文化均源于生活经验,以“关系为本体”的自然宇宙论为基石,遵循面向他者的伦理学原则,建立起亲缘式的主体间性。与西方传统家文化相比,尽管中非传统家文化均强调和谐、仁爱和感恩在家庭和社会中的重要性,但差异性更为突出。基于理性主义和个人主义理念之下建构的西方家文化,秉持“以一驭多”的理性宇宙论、以理驭情的知性伦理学、个人主义的意识形态等理念,同中非传统家文化的“一多不分”的“关系宇宙论”、以情入理的面向他者的伦理学以及自我与共同体命运与共的生命共同体意识形成鲜明对比。中非不断深化文明交流互鉴、交融共存,不仅有助于双方理解彼此的发展道路,并且可丰富人类社会的思想财富。As cradles of ancient human civilization,both China and Africa possess extensive histories and splendid and rich civilizations.On the cultural level,there are numerous similarities between China and Africa,particularly reflected in their shared traditional family culture,that is to say,both cultures reconcile the differences between the individual and the community through the concept of“the family as one”,employing an awareness of intergenerational continuity in order to construct a community of life.They both adhere to the concept of a community with a shared future that extends from“the family as one”to“the world as one”.The traditional family cultures of China and Africa are rooted in life experiences and founded upon a natural cosmology that prioritizes relationships.They follow ethical principles that are oriented toward others,establishing a kinship-based intersubjectivity.Compared with traditional Western family culture,although both Chinese and African traditional family cultures emphasize the importance of harmony,kindness and gratitude within family and society,the differences are more pronounced.Western culture,constructed on the basis of rationalism and individualism,adheres to the rational cosmology of“one controlling many”,an intellectual ethics that prioritizes reason over emotion,and an ideology of individualism.This contrasts sharply with the“relationship-oriented cosmology”inherent in Chinese and African traditional family cultures,which embraces the philosophy of“the inseparability of one and many”,an ethic that engages emotion in reasoning,and a consciousness of a community of life between the self and the community.In the future,as China and Africa continue to deepen their cultural exchanges,mutual learning,and co-existence,this will help both sides understand each other’s developmental paths and enrich the ideological wealth of human society.

关 键 词：习近平文化思想 家文化 中国哲学 非洲哲学 个体主体性 生命共同体 

分 类 号：B4[哲学宗教—外国哲学] B2[文化科学] G112