从“绝地天通”到“感而遂通”:感通观念的起源及嬗变  

From Jue Di Tian Tong to Gan Er Sui Tong: origin and evolution of Gantong

作　　者：董春[1] DONG Chun

机构地区：[1]山东大学易学与中国古代哲学研究中心,山东济南250100

出　　处：《东南大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期25-32,147,共9页Journal of Southeast University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“《周易》象思维的历史源流与现代阐释研究”(21BZX077);泰山学者工程专项经费资助项目阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“感通”作为中国哲学中的一个重要观念,人们多从《系辞传》中的“感而遂通”一词展开阐述。而这一观念之源头最早可追溯至上古之际,颛顼为扭转“九黎乱德,民神杂糅”之弊而“绝地天通”,至此有了人神之别,由此方有“感通”之需求,这一时期感通的对象及实现依据均依赖于神秘的鬼神。至三代之际,随着人类理性的启蒙,人与神的感通方式和内涵都发生了转变,虽然这一时期“感通”所采用的是祭祀及巫卜等种种手段,但是人之德性的重要作用开始凸显。而到春秋战国之际,“感通”在《易传》中方作为一个哲学观念正式出现,随着后世学者的诠释而被赋予宇宙论、本体论的内涵。The common interpretation of Gantong (spirit communication), an important concept in the Chinese philosophy, starts from “Gan Er Sui Tong”(perception leading to openness) in the Xici commentary of the Book of Changes. The origin of this concept can actually be traced back to the ancient times when Zhuanxu quelled the unrest of the Nine Li tribes and initiated the “Jue Di Tian Tong”(separation of Heaven and Earth) which gave rise to the distinction between humans and gods and thus the need for spirit communication. During this period, the objects and realization of Gantong relied on mysterious spirits and gods. By the time of the Three Dynasties, with the enlightenment of human reason, the way and the connotation of communication between humans and supernatural beings underwent a transformation. Despite the dependence on sacrifices and divination, human virtue began to emerge. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Gantong formally appeared as a philosophical concept in Yi Zhuan (Commentary on the Book of Changes), and was later endowed with implications of cosmology and ontology through the interpretations of later scholars.

关 键 词：感通 绝地天通 礼乐占卜 感而遂通 周易 

分 类 号：B2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]