重型牵引车平顺性提升试验研究  

Experimental Research on Improving the Ride Comfort of Heavy Duty Tractors

作　　者：武智方 魏芳 王瑢璇 刘正 

机构地区：[1]陕西重型汽车有限公司,汽车工程研究院试验中心,陕西西安710200

出　　处：《商用汽车》2024年第4期58-62,共5页Commercial Vehicle

摘　　要：随着我国汽车工业的快速发展,重型卡车的设计及制造水平不断提升,车辆的动力性和经济性等基本性能已达到较高水准。在此背景下,卡车用户对于车辆的平顺性日益关注。重型牵引车的构造与乘用车存在显著差异,主要体现在其采用非承载式车身,前悬架配置钢板弹簧,后悬架则可选择钢板弹簧或气囊形式,而驾驶室则通过四点悬置系统固定于车架上。依据路面激励的传递路径,影响重型牵引车平顺性的系统涵盖轮胎、底盘悬架、传动轴、动力总成、车架、驾驶室悬置系统及驾驶室本身。本文通过对某重型牵引车进行平顺性初步测试,运用频谱分析方法对振动源进行定位,并根据隔振理论对驾驶室悬置的阻尼进行调校。在解决振动源质量问题的同时,进一步提升系统的隔振能力,从而全面优化车辆的整体平顺性。With the rapid development of China's automotive industry,the design and manufacturing levels of heavy trucks have gradually improved.When the basic performance such as vehicle power and economy has reached a higher level,truck users'attention to vehicle ride comfort has gradually increased.The structure of heavy tractors differs from passenger cars in that they adopt a non-load-bearing body,the front suspension is matched with leaf springs,and the rear suspension can be selected in two forms:leaf springs and airbags.The cab is fixed on the frame by four-point suspension.According to the transmission sequence of road surface excitation,systems affecting the ride comfort of heavy trucks include tires,chassis suspension,drive shaft,powertrain,frame,cab suspension system,and cab.This paper conducts a baseline test on the ride comfort of a heavy tractor,applies spectral analysis methods to locate the vibration source,and adjusts the damping of the cab suspension according to the vibration isolation theory.On one hand,it solves the quality problem of the vibration source;on the other hand,it enhances the vibration isolation capability of the system,thereby improving the overall ride comfort level of the vehicle.

关 键 词：重型牵引车 平顺性 驾驶室悬置 传递路径 

分 类 号：U461[机械工程—车辆工程]