机器法则、至善法理与人之情感:论《如我这般的机器》中的“罪”与“罚”  

Laws of Robotics,Jurisprudence and Emotions:Crime and Punishment in Machines Like Me

作　　者：朱云[1] ZHU Yun

机构地区：[1]扬州大学外国语学院,江苏扬州225000

出　　处：《外国语文》2024年第6期68-77,共10页Foreign Languages and Literature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“威廉·莫里斯艺术社会主义思想的文献译介与理论阐释”(18ZDA289)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：伊恩·麦克尤恩的《如我这般的机器》虚构了坚守人类法律的“道德模范”——人形机器亚当与亚当的所有者查理、查理的女友米兰达在应对米兰达构陷格林奇事件中的法理与情感冲突及该冲突导致的终极结果,即查理击毁了拥有自我意识的亚当。作者借此冲突展现了人机共存的短暂社会画面,也给读者留下了思考的话题,即人类做好与“如我这般”有意识的机器共存的准备了吗?从“罪”与“罚”的视角聚焦“格林奇之罪”“米兰达之罪”和“查理之罪”,探讨亚当坚持至善法理却又违背机器法则的矛盾根源,考察米兰达情理为先的行为动机与法律原则执行之间的冲突,细查查理击杀亚当后的复杂伦理情感,审视“罪”与“罚”的内涵及作者对后人类时代有意识的机器权利的深层思考。Ian McEwan's Machines Like Me fictionalized a"moral model"in which the android Adam adheres to human laws.The conflicts between Adam's faith in jurisprudence and Adam's owner Charlie and his girlfriend Miranda's slant on emotions in Miranda's framing Gorringe results in Charlie's destroying Adam,the robot with self-consciousness.By exposing the conflicts of rules humans and androids respectively follow,the author engages his readers in reflection:Is human ready to coexist with androids?Focusing on Gorringe's crime,Miranda's crime and Charlie's"crime",this essay aims to elaborate the conflicts arising from Adam's clinging to legality but breaking laws of robotics and scrutinize Charlie's complicated ethical emotions toward Adam,so as to reveal the connotation of crime and punishment and to reflect on the rights of conscious robots in a posthuman world.

关 键 词：伊恩·麦克尤恩 《如我这般的机器》 机器法则 法理 情感 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]