大规模教育考试命题教师的胜任特征——基于O^(*)NET工作分析的研究  

The Competencies of Test Item Developers for Large-Scale Educational Examinations:A Study Based on O^(∗)NET Job Analysis

作　　者：牛端[1] 杨静静 NIU Duan;YANG Jingjing(Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Haotou High School,Zhongshan 528437,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学,广州510275 [2]广东省中山市濠头中学,广东中山528437

出　　处：《中国考试》2024年第12期65-73,共9页journal of China Examinations

基　　金：教育部教育考试院“十四五”规划支撑专项课题(NEEA2021039)。

摘　　要：提升命题质量需要加强命题教师胜任特征研究。为此,本研究采用O*NET工作分析问卷对参与大规模教育考试命题的136名教师进行调查,问卷内容涵盖工作任务、知识、技能、能力和工作风格。结果发现:1)语文、数学、英语三个学科的命题教师对工作任务、知识、技能、工作风格的重要性评价比较一致;2)不同学科命题教师注重的必备能力既有相同之处,又存在差异;3)正式试卷命题教师比模拟试卷命题教师更强调合作的重要性。研究结果对基于胜任特征的大规模教育考试命题教师的选聘、培训和考核具有参考价值。Improving the quality of test items requires an examination of the competencies of test item developers.This study conducted a survey of 136 teachers involved in the development of large-scale educational examination items using the O*NET job analysis questionnaires,which included job tasks,knowledge,skills,abilities,and work styles.Three key findings emerged from the analysis.First,the test item developers for Chinese,mathematics,and English had a relatively consistent evaluation of the importance of job tasks,knowledge,skills,and work styles.Second,while there were commonalities in the essential competencies prioritized by test item developers across different subjects,notable differences also emerged.Third,test item developers for the formal examinations placed a greater emphasis on the importance of cooperation compared to those involved in the simulated examinations.These research findings offer valuable insights for the selection,training,and assessment of test item developers in large-scale educational examinations.

关 键 词：大规模教育考试 命题教师 胜任特征 O^(*)NET工作分析 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]