高地芽孢杆菌ST15发酵条件的优化  

Optimization of the fermentation conditions for Bacillus altitudinis ST15

作　　者：汤宝 赵延存[1,2] 陶学梅 刘凤权 TANG Bao;ZHAO Yancun;TAO Xuemei;LIU Fengquan(Institute of Plant Protection,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Food Quality Safety-Ministry of State Construction of National Key Laboratory Breeding Base,Nanjing 210014,China;School of Life Science,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,Jiangsu Province,China;College of Plant Protection,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所/江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,南京210014 [2]江苏大学生命科学学院,江苏镇江212013 [3]海南大学植物保护学院,海口570228 [4]贵州大学农学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《农药学学报》2024年第6期1154-1160,共7页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金(CX(22)1010);国家自然科学基金(32102288);国家梨产业技术体系(CARS-28);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20231385)。

摘　　要：水稻细菌性条斑病是由稻黄单胞菌稻生致病变种(Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzicola,Xoc)侵染引起的一种重要植物病害,迫切需要开发绿色、高效、低毒的生物农药用于防治。高地芽孢杆菌(Bacillus altitudinis)ST15对水稻黄单胞菌具有显著抑制作用,具有开发成生物农药的潜力。但ST15在摇瓶发酵中活菌和芽孢数量偏低,限制了其开发应用。为此,本文在5 L发酵罐中研究了温度、搅拌转速、通气量等因素对ST15发酵水平的影响,明确了影响活菌和芽孢数量的因素,获得了最佳发酵工艺条件:温度30℃、搅拌转速500 r/min、通气量4 L/min、种龄12 h、接种量8%、发酵周期36 h。在此条件下,ST15活菌数量、芽孢数量和芽孢率分别达到74.54×10^(8) CFU/m L、64.75×10^(8) CFU/m L和86.87%,比摇瓶条件下分别提高了16.11%、42.00%和27.75%,本研究可为ST15发酵的后续中试及大规模生产提供技术支持。Rice bacterial leaf streak is an important plant disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzicola,a pathogenic variant of X.oryzae.There is an urgent need to develop green,efficient,and low-toxicity biopesticides for its control.Bacillus altitudinis ST15 shows a significant inhibitory effect on X.oryzae and has the potential to develop into biopesticides.However,the low number of live bacteria and spores during shake-flask fermentation limited its development and application.Therefore,the effects of temperature,stirring speed,ventilation rate,and other parameters on the fermentation of ST15 were studied in a 5 L fermentator.The factors affecting the number of live bacteria and spores were identified.The results showed that the optimal temperature,agitation speed,ventilation flow,seed age,inoculation volume,and fermentation period were 30℃,500 r/min,4 L/min,12 hours,8%,and 36 hours,respectively.Under this condition,the number of viable bacteria and spores,as well as the spore-producing rate of ST15 reached 74.54×10^(8) CFU/mL,64.75×10^(8) CFU/mL,and 86.91%,respectively.These values improved by 16.11%,42.00%,and 27.75%compared with those under shake-flask fermentation conditions.These findings provide technical support for the subsequent pilot and large-scale production of ST15.

关 键 词：水稻细菌性条斑病 生物防治 高地芽孢杆菌 发酵条件 芽孢数量 

分 类 号：TQ920.6[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程] TQ458