注意缺陷多动障碍儿童认知损害与情绪失调的脑网络机制研究进展  

Advances in brain network mechanism underlying cognitive impairment and emotional dysregulation in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

作　　者：沈芳 周晖 Shen Fang;Zhou Hui(Department of Pediatrics,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children(Sichuan University),Ministry of Education,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西第二医院儿科、出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室(四川大学),成都610041

出　　处：《国际儿科学杂志》2024年第10期663-668,共6页International Journal of Pediatrics

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金(2024NSFSC0320)。

摘　　要：注意缺陷多动障碍是儿童期常见的神经发育障碍性疾病,其主要表现为注意缺陷、多动和冲动。研究表明,注意缺陷多动障碍的核心缺陷为认知功能损害,并严重负性影响患儿学业、职业、情绪及社交技能。同时越来越多的研究发现,注意缺陷多动障碍儿童存在情绪调节异常,且情绪调节异常会使其社会功能降低。脑网络发育延迟是导致注意缺陷多动障碍儿童认知功能损害和情绪调节异常的重要因素。该文从脑网络机制方面重点综述注意缺陷多动障碍儿童认知损害及情绪失调,并提出未来的研究方向。Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood,characterized by attention deficit,hyperactivity and impulsivity.Research has shown that the core deficits of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are cognitive impairments that negatively affect children's academic,vocation,emotion and sociability.At the same time,a growing body of research has identified abnormalities in emotion regulation in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,and these abnormalities are associated with reduced social function.Delayed brain network development is an important factor contributing to cognitive impairment and abnormal emotion regulation in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.This article reviews cognitive impairment and emotional dysregulation in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder focusing on brain network mechanism,and suggests future research direction.

关 键 词：儿童 注意缺陷多动障碍 认知损害 情绪失调 脑网络机制 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]