午时三刻:明清通俗小说行刑时间的构拟与流变  

At the Quarter Before Noon:The Construction and Transformation of Death Penalty Hour in Ming-Qing Popular Fiction

作　　者：丁岳 Ding Yue(the College of Chinese Language and Culture at Nankai University)

机构地区：[1]南开大学汉语言文化学院,天津市300071

出　　处：《文艺理论研究》2024年第5期213-223,共11页Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

基　　金：南开大学基本科研业务费青年教师研究项目“明清通俗小说时间问题初探”(项目编号:63242139)。

摘　　要：午时三刻是通俗文学编创者为制造情节冲突和悬念而想象的死刑时间。“杀人必午时三刻”这条文学性的伪知识在类型化情节和叙述套路中塑造了大众观念,并在通俗小说阅读中发挥着知识功能。午时三刻在话语层面的精确性赋予同时发动的行刑与营救行动以情节时间上的确定性,反过来,相关情节也赋予午时三刻以威权与反叛两种象征意味。在时间与情节的固定联结中,小说家制造情节巧合与人物默契,建构围绕午时三刻展开的情节逻辑。《水浒传》开创了以午时三刻为终点、以倒计时形式展开临刑场景的叙述范式。这一传统在晚清小说中得到继承与发展。Wushi sanke(at the quarter before noon)is the time of execution imagined by creators of popular literature to generate plot conflicts and suspense.The literary pseudo-knowledge that“killing must take place at the quarter before noon”shapes the public conceptualization of genre plots and narrative routines and functions epistemologically in the reading of popular fiction.The precision of“at the quarter before noon”on the discourse level provides narrative events of execution and rescue with temporal certainty,and,in turn,these related plot elements imbue“at the quarter before noon”with symbolic meanings of authority and rebellion.Through the fixed connection between time and plot,fiction writers create plot coincidences and characters'tacit understanding,as well as construct a narrative logic around“at the quarter before noon”.The Water Margin pioneered the narrative paradigm of using“at the quarter before noon”as the endpoint and employing a countdown format for the execution scene.This tradition continued and evolved in late Qing dynasty fiction.

关 键 词：午时三刻 死刑时间 知识功能 攻守默契 倒计时 

分 类 号：I207.41[文学—中国文学] K248[历史地理—历史学]