高速列车车轮振动噪声特性研究  

Study on Sound Radiation Characteristics of High-Speed Train Wheels

作　　者：易豪 YI Hao(Delingha Construction Section of China Railway Qinghai-Tibet Group Co.,Ltd,Delingha 817099,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路青藏集团有限公司,青海德令哈817099

出　　处：《机械研究与应用》2024年第6期112-116,共5页Mechanical Research & Application

基　　金：中国铁路青藏集团有限公司应用研究与技术开发项目:基于大数据技术的高原铁路设施安全监测与可视化研究(编号:2023QZzhtl1202)。

摘　　要：随着高速铁路列车运行频次增多,铁路轮轨噪声的问题日益突出,而车轮的辐射噪声是轮轨噪声中首要的噪声声源。该文结合结构动力学理论和结构声辐射理论,以高速铁路列车车轮为对象,对其振动噪声特性进行特征分析。研究发现,车轮的结构振型大体上划分为0节圆的轴向模态和1节圆的轴向模态、径向模态以及周向模态这几种类型;径向模态对车轮声辐射的影响较为显著;辐板是车轮主要的振动噪声发声位置,对其声辐射的影响较大;所研究结果对了解高速列车轮轨噪声产生机理具有重要意义。With the frequency of high-speed railway train operation increases,the problem of railway wheel-rail noise has become increasingly prominent,and the radiated noise of wheels is the primary noise source in wheel-rail noise.In this article,the wheels of high-speed railway trains are taken as the object,a characteristics analysis of the vibration and noise characteristics is conducted based on the theory of structural dynamics and structural acoustic radiation.It is found through the study that the structural modes of the wheel can be broadly divided into axial modes of 0 nodal circles and axial modes of 1 nodal circle,radial modes and circumferential modes,etc.The radial mode has more significant impact on the sound radiation of wheels;and the spokes are the main vibration and noise-producing location of the wheel,and their sound radiation is greatly affected.The research results are of great significance in understanding the wheel-rail noise mechanism in high-speed trains.

关 键 词：高速列车 轮轨噪声 有限元法 声振特性 车轮声辐射特性 

分 类 号：U270.16[机械工程—车辆工程] X593[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]