高校何以推进创业体验学习——对美国全球沉浸式课程的考察  

How Universities Promote Experiential Learning in Entrepreneurship Education:A Research of Global Immersion Courses in the U.S.

作　　者：闫广芬 刘涵滨 YAN Guangfen;LIU Hanbin(Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350)

机构地区：[1]天津大学教育学院,天津300350

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2024年第12期54-62,共9页China Higher Education Research

基　　金：中国高等教育学会2023年重大课题“国际视野下的新工科改革实践与成效分析”(2023ZD01);教育部2021年新文科综合改革类项目“新时代综合性大学教育学专业人才培养模式探索”(2021150004)的研究成果。

摘　　要：不确定性时代,创业体验学习是赋能学习者应对复杂创业挑战的关键。美国高校创业体验学习积淀已久、享誉全球,时兴的全球沉浸式课程作为一种新的探索形式备受关注。全球沉浸式课程的目标在于通过提供创业体验,赋能学习者应对创业不确定性、塑造学习者投身创业的内驱力,并促使学习者通过创业响应全球性议题。为确保创业体验的系统性、连贯性,全球沉浸式课程以体验学习循环为理据,架构由抽象概括环节、具体经验环节、反思观察环节、主动试验环节组成的运行机制。通过经验提炼,全球沉浸式课程的实践特征可归纳为:以综合的学习策略深化创业认知;以真切的情感体验厚植创业情怀;以反思机制激活创业的自主意志;以非结构化问题锻造创业实现力。In times of uncertainty,experiential learning in entrepreneurship education is key to empowering learners to meet complex entrepreneurial challenges.U.S.universities have a long history of experiential learning in entrepreneurship education and a global reputation for it,and trendy global immersion courses are attracting attention as a new form of exploration.The goal of global immersion courses is to provide an entrepreneurial experience that empowers learners to cope with entrepreneurial uncertainty,shapes their internal motivation to engage in entrepreneurship,and enables them to respond to global issues through entrepreneurship.In order to ensure a systematic and coherent entrepreneurial experience,the global immersion courses are based on the experiential learning cycle,which consist of an abstract generalization session,a concrete experience session,a reflective observation session,and an active experimentation session.Through experience refinement,the practical features of the global immersion courses can be summarized as follows:deepen entrepreneurial cognition with comprehensive learning strategies;cultivate entrepreneurial sentiment with genuine emotional experience;activate entrepreneurial will with reflective mechanism;and forge entrepreneurial realization power with unstructured problems.

关 键 词：创业体验学习 创业教学模式 创业课程 创业教育 美国高校 

分 类 号：G647.38[文化科学—高等教育学] G649.712[文化科学—教育学]