高校师德失范惩处裁量权控制研究  

Research on the Control of Discretionary Power in Punishing Ethical Misconduct of University Teachers

作　　者：马晶 杨天红[2] MA Jing;YANG Tianhong(Research Base for Education Legislation,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;School of Marxism,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育立法研究基地,重庆400715 [2]重庆大学马克思主义学院,重庆400045

出　　处：《复旦教育论坛》2024年第5期66-73,共8页Fudan Education Forum

基　　金：重庆市社科规划项目“教育法法典化背景下师德师风入法研究”(2022NDYB120)。

摘　　要：裁量几乎伴随所有行政行为的运作全过程。授予高校师德失范惩处裁量权有利于实现个案正义,但缺少控制的裁量易产生失序风险。当前我国在对高校师德失范惩处裁量权的控制上存在着象征性立法授权不明、管制型“执法”具有内生缺陷、谦抑性司法纠偏不足等问题。应根据裁量权的控制机理,从规则控制、程序控制和结果控制出发,构建以适度精细化师德失范惩处规则、“可视化”师德失范惩处程序、内外部合力纠偏救济机制为核心的高校师德失范惩处裁量权控制体系,确保高校师德失范惩处裁量权的行使可预期、可监督、可追责、可信赖,从而保障师生合法权益,推动新时代师德师风长效治理。Discretion is almost present throughout the entire process of administrative actions.Granting universities the discretionary power to punish teachers'ethical misconduct is conducive to achieving justice in individual cases,but uncontrolled discretion can easily lead to risks of disorder.Currently,there are issues with the control of the discretionary power to punish teachers'ethical misconduct in Chinese universities,such as unclear symbolic legislative authorization,inherent defects in regulatory"law enforcement",and insufficient modest judicial correction.Based on the control mechanism of discretionary power,from the perspectives of rule control,procedural control,and result control,a control system for the discretionary power to punish teachers'ethical misconduct in universities should be constructed,with moderately refined rules for punishing teachers'ethical misconduct,"visualized"procedures for punishing teachers'ethical misconduct,and a joint internal and external correction and relief mechanism as the core.This ensures that the exercise of the discretionary power to punish teachers'ethical misconduct in universities is predictable,supervisible,accountable,and trustworthy,thereby safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of teachers and students,and promoting long-term governance of teachers'ethics in the new era.

关 键 词：师德失范 行政裁量 《教师法》 裁量控制 

分 类 号：G645.1[文化科学—高等教育学]